Paper · 2012 · African Journal of Microbiology Research

Effect of chemical fertilizers on yield and nutritive value of intercropped Sudan grass (Sorghum Sudanense) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) forages grown in an adverse environment of western Saudi Arabi

Awad O. Abusuwar

5
claims
16
verbatim quotes
7
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons at Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The objective was to evaluate the effect of some chemical fertilizers on productivity and nutritive value ofSorghum Sudanense Var. Panar intercropped with Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) in an adverse condition of soil and irrigation water. The chemical fertilizers applied were 50 kg/ha of urea (46%N), 50 kg/ha of triple superphosphate (46% P), 50 kg/ha of KNO3, 50 kg/ha of NPK (20:20:40) and a control for check. Sudan grass and Cowpea were sown as sole crops and as a mixture. Treatments were laid out in a split plot design with the fertilizer treatments in the main plots and the intercropping treatments in the subplots. Parameters measured were plant height and nutritive value for the Sudan grass, fresh and dry yields and the land equivalent ratio (LER). The chemical fertilizers had no significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on productivity but significantly improved forage quality. Intercropping of Sudan grass and Cowpea significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased forage productivity and improved forage quality and land equivalent ratio (LER). Cowpea was not a good competitor as it disappeared following the first cut in the first season. Key words: Chemical fertilization, intercropping, cowpea, sorghum forage, Sudan grass, salinity, land equivalent ratio (LER)

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Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Chemical fertilizers had no significant effect on Sudan grass forage productivity compared with a control

Taxon
Sudan grassSorghum ×drummondiie4
Treatment
chemical fertilizerse1
Outcome
productivitye2
Direction
no significante2
Comparator
a controle1
Setting
Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabiae6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum x drummondii
Sorghum ×drummondii · TaxonUser:MarkusHagenlocher · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“The chemical fertilizers applied were 50 kg/ha of urea (46%N), 50 kg/ha of triple superphosphate (46% P), 50 kg/ha of KNO3, 50 kg/ha of NPK (20:20:40) and a control for check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 403–577 · show in text ↑
e2

“The chemical fertilizers had no significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on productivity but significantly improved forage quality”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 928–1047 · show in text ↑
e4

“Sudan grass and Cowpea were sown as sole crops and as a mixture”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 579–642 · show in text ↑
e6

“A field experiment was carried out during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons at Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Chemical fertilizers significantly improved Sudan grass forage quality compared with a control

Taxon
Sudan grassSorghum ×drummondiie4
Treatment
chemical fertilizerse1
Outcome
forage qualitye2
Direction
significantly improvede2
Comparator
a controle1
Setting
Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabiae6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum x drummondii
Sorghum ×drummondii · TaxonUser:MarkusHagenlocher · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“The chemical fertilizers applied were 50 kg/ha of urea (46%N), 50 kg/ha of triple superphosphate (46% P), 50 kg/ha of KNO3, 50 kg/ha of NPK (20:20:40) and a control for check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 403–577 · show in text ↑
e2

“The chemical fertilizers had no significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on productivity but significantly improved forage quality”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 928–1047 · show in text ↑
e4

“Sudan grass and Cowpea were sown as sole crops and as a mixture”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 579–642 · show in text ↑
e6

“A field experiment was carried out during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons at Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Intercropping Sudan grass with cowpea significantly increased forage productivity compared with sole crops

Taxon
Sudan grassSorghum ×drummondiie4
Treatment
Intercroppinge3
Interactor
CowpeaVigna unguiculatae4other
Outcome
forage productivitye3
Direction
increasede3
Comparator
sole cropse4
Setting
Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabiae6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum x drummondii
Sorghum ×drummondii · TaxonUser:MarkusHagenlocher · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · InteractorHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“Intercropping of Sudan grass and Cowpea significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased forage productivity and improved forage quality and land equivalent ratio (LER)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1049–1203 · show in text ↑
e4

“Sudan grass and Cowpea were sown as sole crops and as a mixture”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 579–642 · show in text ↑
e6

“A field experiment was carried out during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons at Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Intercropping Sudan grass with cowpea improved forage quality and land equivalent ratio compared with sole crops

Taxon
Sudan grassSorghum ×drummondiie4
Treatment
Intercroppinge3
Interactor
CowpeaVigna unguiculatae4other
Outcome
forage quality and land equivalent ratio (LER)e3
Direction
improvede3
Comparator
sole cropse4
Setting
Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabiae6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum x drummondii
Sorghum ×drummondii · TaxonUser:MarkusHagenlocher · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · InteractorHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“Intercropping of Sudan grass and Cowpea significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased forage productivity and improved forage quality and land equivalent ratio (LER)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1049–1203 · show in text ↑
e4

“Sudan grass and Cowpea were sown as sole crops and as a mixture”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 579–642 · show in text ↑
e6

“A field experiment was carried out during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons at Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–157 · show in text ↑
Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cowpea was not a good competitor in the intercrop and disappeared after the first cut in the first season

Outcome
competitore5
Qualifier
disappeared following the first cut in the first seasone5
Setting
Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabiae6

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“Cowpea was not a good competitor as it disappeared following the first cut in the first season”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1205–1299 · show in text ↑
e6

“A field experiment was carried out during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons at Hada Al-Sham experimental Farm of King A/Aziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–157 · show in text ↑

fertilization · quality: grain · Sorghum x drummondii (Sudan grass)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 4 positive, 2 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

fertilization · yield · Sorghum x drummondii (Sudan grass)Positive and negative results

31 papers: 29 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

27 papers more in this group

See all 31 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.