Abstract
It is imperative to develop integrated fertilization strategies for various forage crops that enhance the competitive ability of the crop, increase crop production and reduce the risk of nonpoint source pollution from fertilizers. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of different sources of nutrients on performance of sorghum sudan grass hybrid-oat cropping system. Significantly highest plant height, shoots per square meter, leaf stem ratio and dry matter accumulation of sorghum sudan grass hybrid and oat was observed with FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB. Not surprisingly, plant height, shoots per square meter, leaf stem ratio and dry matter accumulation increased with increasing fertilizer levels with highest values recorded with 100% RDF. Moreover, significantly highest total green and dry forage yields and gross as well as net returns were recorded in FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB as well as 100% RDF. FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB resulted in higher benefit cost ratio, while, significantly highest benefit cost ratio was also recorded with 100% RDF. The system productivity and production efficiency showed its maximum value in FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB as well as highest level of NPK fertilization.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
FYM plus Azotobacter and PSB gave the highest height, shoots, leaf stem ratio and dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- sorghum sudan grass hybrid and oate0
- Treatment
- FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSBe0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter
Azotobactere0symbiont - Outcome
- plant height, shoots per square meter, leaf stem ratio and dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly highest plant height, shoots per square meter, leaf stem ratio and dry matter accumulation of sorghum sudan grass hybrid and oat was observed with FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing fertilizer levels raised height, shoots, leaf stem ratio and dry matter accumulation, highest at 100% RDF.
- Taxon
- sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oatt0
- Treatment
- increasing fertilizer levelse0
- Outcome
- plant height, shoots per square meter, leaf stem ratio and dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 100% RDFe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“plant height, shoots per square meter, leaf stem ratio and dry matter accumulation increased with increasing fertilizer levels with highest values recorded with 100% RDF.”
t0“sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oat”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM plus Azotobacter and PSB gave the highest total green and dry forage yields and gross and net returns.
- Taxon
- sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oatt0
- Treatment
- FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSBe0
- Interactor
- AzotobacterAzotobactere0symbiont
- Outcome
- total green and dry forage yields and gross as well as net returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly highest total green and dry forage yields and gross as well as net returns were recorded in FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB as well as 100% RDF.”
t0“sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oat”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF gave the highest total green and dry forage yields and gross and net returns.
- Taxon
- sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oatt0
- Treatment
- 100% RDFe0
- Outcome
- total green and dry forage yields and gross as well as net returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“significantly highest total green and dry forage yields and gross as well as net returns were recorded in FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB as well as 100% RDF.”
t0“sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oat”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM plus Azotobacter and PSB produced a higher benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oatt0
- Treatment
- FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSBe0
- Interactor
- AzotobacterAzotobactere0symbiont
- Outcome
- benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB resulted in higher benefit cost ratio”
t0“sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oat”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF produced the highest benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oatt0
- Treatment
- 100% RDFe0
- Outcome
- benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“significantly highest benefit cost ratio was also recorded with 100% RDF.”
t0“sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oat”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM plus Azotobacter and PSB maximized system productivity and production efficiency.
- Taxon
- sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oatt0
- Treatment
- FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSBe0
- Interactor
- AzotobacterAzotobactere0symbiont
- Outcome
- system productivity and production efficiencye0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The system productivity and production efficiency showed its maximum value in FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB as well as highest level of NPK fertilization.”
t0“sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oat”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest NPK fertilization maximized system productivity and production efficiency.
- Taxon
- sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oatt0
- Treatment
- highest level of NPK fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- system productivity and production efficiencye0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The system productivity and production efficiency showed its maximum value in FYM @10 t ha−1+Azotobacter+PSB as well as highest level of NPK fertilization.”
t0“sorghum sudan grass hybrid-Oat”
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See all 160 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.