Abstract
Effective microorganisms (EM) is a commercial biofertilizer that contains a mixture of co-existing beneficial microorganisms collected from natural environments. Predominantly it consists of species of photosynthetic and lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and actinomycetes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of EM application on growth, nodulation, yield, and nutrient uptake in mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] var. NIAB Mung 98 under field conditions. Field soil was amended with farmyard manure at 20 t ha^{-1}, Trifolium alexandrinum green manure at 20 t ha^{-1}, and recommended (NPK) and half (½ NPK) doses of chemical fertilizers. EM was applied in the form of a dilute solution in water (1:1000) at fortnight intervals throughout the experiment. EM application significantly enhanced shoot biomass in farmyard manure, ½ NPK and NPK amendments. Similarly, EM significantly increased grain yield by 24% and 46% in farmyard manure and NPK fertilizers amendments, respectively. By contrast, in green manure amendment, EM application resulted in a significant decline of 23% in grain yield. In ½ NPK amendment, the effect of EM application on grain yield was insignificant. Nodulation in terms of number and biomass of nodules was significantly suppressed by EM application in farmyard manure and green manure amendments. In NPK amendment, a significant increase in nodule biomass was recorded due to EM application. EM significantly enhanced nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition of the test plant in farmyard manure amendment both at flowering stage and maturity. However, in NPK amended soil, EM application markedly enhanced plant nutrition at later growth stage only.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
EM increased shoot biomass under farmyard manure, half-NPK, and NPK amendments.
- Taxon
- mung bean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Treatment
- EM applicatione0
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- farmyard manure, ½ NPK and NPK amendmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“EM application significantly enhanced shoot biomass in farmyard manure, ½ NPK and NPK amendments.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM increased grain yield by 24% under farmyard manure.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- EMe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 24%e0
- Qualifier
- farmyard manuree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EM significantly increased grain yield by 24% and 46% in farmyard manure and NPK fertilizers amendments, respectively.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM increased grain yield by 46% under NPK fertilizer.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- EMe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 46%e0
- Qualifier
- NPK fertilizers amendmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EM significantly increased grain yield by 24% and 46% in farmyard manure and NPK fertilizers amendments, respectively.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM reduced grain yield by 23% under green manure.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- EM applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Qualifier
- green manure amendmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in green manure amendment, EM application resulted in a significant decline of 23% in grain yield.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM had an insignificant grain-yield effect under half-NPK amendment.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- EM applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- ½ NPK amendmente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In ½ NPK amendment, the effect of EM application on grain yield was insignificant.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM suppressed nodule number and biomass under farmyard manure.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- EM applicatione0
- Outcome
- number and biomass of nodulese0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Qualifier
- farmyard manuree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation in terms of number and biomass of nodules was significantly suppressed by EM application in farmyard manure and green manure amendments.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM suppressed nodule number and biomass under green manure.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- EM applicatione0
- Outcome
- number and biomass of nodulese0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Qualifier
- green manure amendmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation in terms of number and biomass of nodules was significantly suppressed by EM application in farmyard manure and green manure amendments.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM increased nodule biomass under NPK amendment.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- EM applicatione0
- Outcome
- nodule biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- NPK amendmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In NPK amendment, a significant increase in nodule biomass was recorded due to EM application.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM enhanced nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrition at flowering and maturity under farmyard manure.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Organ / stage
- flowering stage and maturitye0
- Treatment
- EMe0
- Outcome
- nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutritione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- farmyard manure amendmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EM significantly enhanced nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition of the test plant in farmyard manure amendment both at flowering stage and maturity.”
t0“mung bean”
Claim · model-written summary
EM enhanced plant nutrition only at the later growth stage under NPK amendment.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Organ / stage
- later growth stagee0
- Treatment
- EM applicatione0
- Outcome
- plant nutritione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- NPK amended soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in NPK amended soil, EM application markedly enhanced plant nutrition at later growth stage only.”
t0“mung bean”
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See all 184 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.