Abstract
Field studies were conducted near Clayton, Lewiston, and Rocky Mount, NC in 2005 to evaluate weed control and cotton response to preemergence treatments of pendimethalin alone or in a tank mixture with fomesafen, postemergence treatments of glufosinate applied alone or in a tank mixture with S -metolachlor, and POST-directed treatments of glufosinate in a tank mixture with flumioxazin or prometryn. Excellent weed control (> 91%) was observed where at least two applications were made in addition to glufosinate early postemergence (EPOST). A reduction in control of common lambsquarters (8%), goosegrass (20%), large crabgrass (18%), Palmer amaranth (13%), and pitted morningglory (9%) was observed when residual herbicides were not included in PRE or mid-POST programs. No differences in weed control or cotton lint yield were observed between POST-directed applications of glufosinate with flumioxazin compared to prometryn. Weed control programs containing three or more herbicide applications resulted in similar cotton lint yields at Clayton and Lewiston, and Rocky Mount showed the greatest variability with up to 590 kg/ha greater lint yield where fomesafen was included PRE compared to pendimethalin applied alone. Similarly, an increase in cotton lint yields of up to 200 kg/ha was observed where S -metolachlor was included mid-POST when compared to glufosinate applied alone, showing the importance of residual herbicides to help maintain optimal yields. Including additional modes of action with residual activity preemergence and postemergence provides a longer period of weed control, which helps maintain cotton lint yields.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Programs with at least two extra applications beyond glufosinate EPOST achieved over 91% weed control.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- at least two applicationse0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- Excellente0
- Value
- > 91%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excellent weed control (> 91%) was observed where at least two applications were made in addition to glufosinate early postemergence (EPOST).”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Omitting residual herbicides reduced common lambsquarters control by 8%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- residual herbicides were not includede0
- Interactor
- common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume0weed - Outcome
- control of common lambsquarterse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A reduction in control of common lambsquarters (8%), goosegrass (20%), large crabgrass (18%), Palmer amaranth (13%), and pitted morningglory (9%) was observed when residual herbicides were not included in PRE or mid-POST programs.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Omitting residual herbicides reduced goosegrass control by 20%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- residual herbicides were not includede0
- Interactor
- goosegrasse0weed
- Outcome
- goosegrasse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 20%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A reduction in control of common lambsquarters (8%), goosegrass (20%), large crabgrass (18%), Palmer amaranth (13%), and pitted morningglory (9%) was observed when residual herbicides were not included in PRE or mid-POST programs.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Omitting residual herbicides reduced large crabgrass control by 18%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- residual herbicides were not includede0
- Interactor
- large crabgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- large crabgrasse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 18%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A reduction in control of common lambsquarters (8%), goosegrass (20%), large crabgrass (18%), Palmer amaranth (13%), and pitted morningglory (9%) was observed when residual herbicides were not included in PRE or mid-POST programs.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Omitting residual herbicides reduced Palmer amaranth control by 13%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- residual herbicides were not includede0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- Palmer amaranthe0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 13%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A reduction in control of common lambsquarters (8%), goosegrass (20%), large crabgrass (18%), Palmer amaranth (13%), and pitted morningglory (9%) was observed when residual herbicides were not included in PRE or mid-POST programs.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Omitting residual herbicides reduced pitted morningglory control by 9%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- residual herbicides were not includede0
- Interactor
- pitted morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- pitted morningglorye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A reduction in control of common lambsquarters (8%), goosegrass (20%), large crabgrass (18%), Palmer amaranth (13%), and pitted morningglory (9%) was observed when residual herbicides were not included in PRE or mid-POST programs.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate with flumioxazin and with prometryn did not differ in weed control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- glufosinate with flumioxazine0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- No differencese0
- Comparator
- prometryne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences in weed control or cotton lint yield were observed between POST-directed applications of glufosinate with flumioxazin compared to prometryn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate with flumioxazin and with prometryn did not differ in cotton lint yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- glufosinate with flumioxazine0
- Outcome
- cotton lint yielde0
- Direction
- No differencese0
- Comparator
- prometryne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences in weed control or cotton lint yield were observed between POST-directed applications of glufosinate with flumioxazin compared to prometryn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Three or more herbicide applications produced similar lint yields at Clayton and Lewiston.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- three or more herbicide applicationse0
- Outcome
- cotton lint yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Setting
- Clayton and Lewistone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control programs containing three or more herbicide applications resulted in similar cotton lint yields at Clayton and Lewiston”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE fomesafen raised lint yield by up to 590 kg/ha versus pendimethalin alone at Rocky Mount.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- fomesafen was included PREe0
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- up to 590 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- pendimethalin applied alonee0
- Setting
- Rocky Mounte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rocky Mount showed the greatest variability with up to 590 kg/ha greater lint yield where fomesafen was included PRE compared to pendimethalin applied alone.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Mid-POST S-metolachlor raised cotton lint yield by up to 200 kg/ha versus glufosinate alone.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- S -metolachlor was included mid-POSTe0
- Outcome
- cotton lint yieldse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- up to 200 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- glufosinate applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in cotton lint yields of up to 200 kg/ha was observed where S -metolachlor was included mid-POST when compared to glufosinate applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that extra residual modes of action extend weed control.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- Including additional modes of action with residual activity preemergence and postemergencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Including additional modes of action with residual activity preemergence and postemergence provides a longer period of weed control”
t0“Cotton”
The same questions in other papers
glufosinate · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- positive
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See all 8 papers →flumioxazin · weed · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
metolachlor · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
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6 in the opposite direction
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13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction
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58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 123 in the opposite direction
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See all 182 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.