Abstract
Abstract: Field studies were conducted at two locations in North Carolina in 1999 and 2000 to evaluate weed and bromoxynil-resistant cotton response to bromoxynil, pyrithiobac, and MSMA applied early postemergence (EPOST), alone or mixtures in all combinations (two way and three way), and to prometryn plus MSMA applied late postemergence directed (LAYBY). Trifluralin preplant incorporated followed by fluometuron preemergence controlled common lambsquarters, eclipta, and smooth pigweed at least 90%. These herbicides also provided greater than 90% common ragweed control at two locations but only 65% control at a third location. Pyrithiobac and pyrithiobac plus MSMA EPOST increased sicklepod control more than did bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MSMA EPOST. Bromoxynil and pyrithiobac were more effective for sicklepod control when applied in mixture with MSMA. Bromoxynil plus pyrithiobac EPOST or with MSMA controlled (≥ 90%) common lambsquarters, common ragweed, entireleaf morningglory, prickly sida, and smooth pigweed early season. But the LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMA frequently improved late-season control of entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, prickly sida, and sicklepod. A tank mixture of MSMA plus bromoxynil or pyrithiobac and the three-component tank mixture (bromoyxnil, MSMA, plus pyrithiobac) provided a broader weed control spectrum than did either bromoxynil or pyrithiobac alone. Cotton lint yields were increased with all postemergence systems, and the LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMA increased cotton yields in 13 out of 16 comparisons. High cotton yields were indicative of high levels of weed control. Nomenclature: Bromoxynil, fluometuron, MSMA, prometryn, pyrithiobac, trifluralin, common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. #3 CHEAL; common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. # AMBEL; eclipta, Eclipta prostrata L. # ECLAL; entireleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula Gray # IPOHG; large crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSA; prickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSP; sicklepod, Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby # CASOB; smooth pigweed, Amaranthus hybridus L. # AMACH; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Stoneville BXN 47’. Additional index words: Crop injury, herbicide-resistant cotton, Brachiaria platyphylla, BRAPP. Abbreviations: EPOST, early postemergence; fb, followed by; LAYBY, late postemergence directed; PDS, postemergence directed; PRE, preemergence; PPI, preplant incorporated.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrithiobac, alone or with MSMA, increased sicklepod control more than bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MSMA early postemergence.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- Pyrithiobac and pyrithiobac plus MSMA EPOSTe1
- Interactor
- sicklepode1weed
- Outcome
- sicklepod controle1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MSMA EPOSTe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“Pyrithiobac and pyrithiobac plus MSMA EPOST increased sicklepod control more than did bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MSMA EPOST”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil and pyrithiobac were more effective for sicklepod control when applied in mixture with MSMA.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- mixture with MSMAe1
- Interactor
- sicklepode1weed
- Outcome
- sicklepod controle1
- Direction
- more effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“Bromoxynil and pyrithiobac were more effective for sicklepod control when applied in mixture with MSMA”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil plus pyrithiobac, EPOST or with MSMA, controlled common lambsquarters and common ragweed at 90% or more early season.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Bromoxynil plus pyrithiobac EPOST or with MSMAe1
- Interactor
- common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume1weed - Second interactor
- common ragweed
Ambrosia artemisiifoliae1weed - Outcome
- common lambsquarters, common ragweed, entireleaf morningglorye1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- ≥ 90%e1
- Qualifier
- entireleaf morningglorye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“Bromoxynil plus pyrithiobac EPOST or with MSMA controlled (≥ 90%) common lambsquarters, common ragweed, entireleaf morningglory, prickly sida, and smooth pigweed early season”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil plus pyrithiobac, EPOST or with MSMA, controlled prickly sida and smooth pigweed at 90% or more early season.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Bromoxynil plus pyrithiobac EPOST or with MSMAe1
- Interactor
- prickly sidae1weed
- Second interactor
- smooth pigweed
Amaranthus hybriduse1weed - Outcome
- prickly sida, and smooth pigweede1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- ≥ 90%e1
- Qualifier
- early seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“Bromoxynil plus pyrithiobac EPOST or with MSMA controlled (≥ 90%) common lambsquarters, common ragweed, entireleaf morningglory, prickly sida, and smooth pigweed early season”
Claim · model-written summary
The three-component tank mixture of bromoxynil, MSMA and pyrithiobac gave a broader weed control spectrum than either bromoxynil or pyrithiobac alone.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- the three-component tank mixture (bromoyxnil, MSMA, plus pyrithiobac)e1
- Outcome
- weed control spectrume1
- Direction
- broadere1
- Comparator
- either bromoxynil or pyrithiobac alonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“A tank mixture of MSMA plus bromoxynil or pyrithiobac and the three-component tank mixture (bromoyxnil, MSMA, plus pyrithiobac) provided a broader weed control spectrum than did either bromoxynil or pyrithiobac alone”
Claim · model-written summary
The LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMA frequently improved late-season control of entireleaf morningglory and large crabgrass.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMAe1
- Interactor
- entireleaf morningglorye1weed
- Second interactor
- large crabgrasse1weed
- Outcome
- late-season control of entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrasse1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Qualifier
- frequentlye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“the LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMA frequently improved late-season control of entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, prickly sida, and sicklepod”
Claim · model-written summary
The LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMA frequently improved late-season control of prickly sida and sicklepod.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMAe1
- Interactor
- prickly sidae1weed
- Second interactor
- sicklepode1weed
- Outcome
- prickly sida, and sicklepode1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Qualifier
- frequentlye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“the LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMA frequently improved late-season control of entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, prickly sida, and sicklepod”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton lint yield increased with all postemergence herbicide systems.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- all postemergence systemse1
- Outcome
- Cotton lint yieldse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“Cotton lint yields were increased with all postemergence systems”
Claim · model-written summary
The LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMA increased cotton yield in 13 of 16 comparisons.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMAe1
- Outcome
- cotton yieldse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 13 out of 16 comparisonse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“the LAYBY treatment of prometryn plus MSMA increased cotton yields in 13 out of 16 comparisons”
Claim · model-written summary
High cotton yields indicated high levels of weed control.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- levels of weed controle1
- Qualifier
- High cotton yields were indicative of high levels of weed controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
e1“High cotton yields were indicative of high levels of weed control”
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