Abstract
Phytoparasitic nematodes secrete an array of effector proteins to modify selected recipient plant cells into elaborate and essential feeding sites. The biological function of the novel 30C02 effector protein of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, was studied using Arabidopsis thaliana as host and the beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii, which contains a homologue of the 30C02 gene. Expression of Hg30C02 in Arabidopsis did not affect plant growth and development but increased plant susceptibility to infection by H. schachtii. The 30C02 protein interacted with a specific (AT4G16260) host plant β-1,3-endoglucanase in both yeast and plant cells, possibly to interfere with its role as a plant pathogenesis-related protein. Interestingly, the peak expression of 30C02 in the nematode and peak expression of At4g16260 in plant roots coincided at around 3-5 d after root infection by the nematode, after which the relative expression of At4g16260 declined significantly. An Arabidopsis At4g16260 T-DNA mutant showed increased susceptibility to cyst nematode infection, and plants that overexpressed At4g16260 were reduced in nematode susceptibility, suggesting a potential role of host β-1,3-endoglucanase in the defence response against H. schachtii infection. Arabidopsis plants that expressed dsRNA and its processed small interfering RNA complementary to the Hg30C02 sequence were not phenotypically different from non-transformed plants, but they exhibited a strong RNA interference-mediated resistance to infection by H. schachtii. The collective results suggest that, as with other pathogens, active suppression of host defence is a critical component for successful parasitism by nematodes and a vulnerable target to disrupt the parasitic cycle.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Hg30C02 expression did not affect Arabidopsis growth and development.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- Expression of Hg30C02e0
- Gene
- Hg30C02e0
- Outcome
- plant growth and developmente0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of Hg30C02 in Arabidopsis did not affect plant growth and development”
Claim · model-written summary
Hg30C02 expression increased Arabidopsis susceptibility to H. schachtii infection.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- Expression of Hg30C02e0
- Interactor
- H. schachtiiHeterodera schachtiie0pathogen
- Gene
- Hg30C02e0
- Outcome
- plant susceptibility to infectione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of Hg30C02 in Arabidopsis did not affect plant growth and development but increased plant susceptibility to infection by H. schachtii”
Claim · model-written summary
The 30C02 protein interacted with host AT4G16260 β-1,3-endoglucanase in yeast and plant cells.
Verbatim
e0“The 30C02 protein interacted with a specific (AT4G16260) host plant β-1,3-endoglucanase in both yeast and plant cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Peak nematode 30C02 and plant-root At4g16260 expression coincided around 3–5 days after infection.
Verbatim
e0“the peak expression of 30C02 in the nematode and peak expression of At4g16260 in plant roots coincided at around 3-5 d after root infection by the nematode”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative At4g16260 expression declined significantly after the coincident peak.
Verbatim
e0“after which the relative expression of At4g16260 declined significantly”
e1“plant roots”
Claim · model-written summary
An Arabidopsis At4g16260 T-DNA mutant had increased susceptibility to cyst nematode infection.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- At4g16260 T-DNA mutante0
- Interactor
- cyst nematodee0pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptibility to cyst nematode infectione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Arabidopsis At4g16260 T-DNA mutant showed increased susceptibility to cyst nematode infection”
Claim · model-written summary
At4g16260-overexpressing plants had reduced nematode susceptibility.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- At4g16260e0
- Outcome
- nematode susceptibilitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants that overexpressed At4g16260 were reduced in nematode susceptibility”
e1“Arabidopsis At4g16260 T-DNA mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis plants expressing Hg30C02-complementary dsRNA showed no phenotype difference from non-transformed plants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- expressed dsRNA and its processed small interfering RNA complementary to the Hg30C02 sequencee0
- Gene
- Hg30C02e0
- Outcome
- phenotypically differente0
- Direction
- not phenotypically differente0
- Comparator
- non-transformed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis plants that expressed dsRNA and its processed small interfering RNA complementary to the Hg30C02 sequence were not phenotypically different from non-transformed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis plants expressing Hg30C02-complementary dsRNA strongly resisted H. schachtii infection.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- expressed dsRNA and its processed small interfering RNA complementary to the Hg30C02 sequencee0
- Interactor
- H. schachtiiHeterodera schachtiie0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance to infectione0
- Direction
- stronge0
- Comparator
- non-transformed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis plants that expressed dsRNA and its processed small interfering RNA complementary to the Hg30C02 sequence were not phenotypically different from non-transformed plants, but they exhibited a strong RNA interference-mediated resistance to infection by H. schachtii”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that nematode suppression of host defense supports parasitism and offers a target to disrupt it.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Outcome
- successful parasitisme0
- Qualifier
- active suppression of host defencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“active suppression of host defence is a critical component for successful parasitism by nematodes and a vulnerable target to disrupt the parasitic cycle”
e1“Arabidopsis plants”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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See all 85 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.