Abstract
Abstract Effects of wilting, ensiling and type of additive on α‐tocopherol and β‐carotene contents in legume–grass mixtures were examined. Swards of birdsfoot trefoil + timothy (Bft + Ti), red clover + timothy (Rc + Ti) and red clover + meadow fescue (Rc + Mf) were harvested as a first regrowth in August 2005. Forage was wilted to a dry‐matter (DM) content of 273 g kg −1 and ensiled without additive or with an inoculant or acid. Wilting decreased α‐tocopherol concentration by 30% in the Bft + Ti mixture ( P = 0·015). Untreated Bft + Ti silage had higher α‐tocopherol content than red clover silages (56·9 vs. 34·2 mg kg −1 DM; P = 0·015). The α‐tocopherol concentration of Bft + Ti forages increased during ensiling from 41·1 mg kg −1 DM in wilted herbage to 56·9, 65·2 and 56·8 mg kg −1 DM in untreated, inoculated and acid‐treated silage respectively ( P = 0·015). The inoculant increased α‐tocopherol content in the red clover silages (50·1 vs. 34·2 mg kg −1 DM; P = 0·015) compared with untreated red clover silages. Red clover mixtures had lower β‐carotene content than Bft + Ti (32·3 vs. 46·2 mg kg −1 DM; P = 0·016), averaged over treatments. In conclusion, wilting had small effects but the use of bacterial inoculant as an additive and a Bft + Ti mixture increased α‐tocopherol concentration in the silage.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Wilting decreased alpha-tocopherol in Bft + Ti by 30%.
- Taxon
- Bft + Ti mixturee0
- Treatment
- Wiltinge0
- Outcome
- α‐tocopherol concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Wilting decreased α‐tocopherol concentration by 30% in the Bft + Ti mixture ( P = 0·015).”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated Bft + Ti silage had more alpha-tocopherol than red clover silages.
Verbatim
e0“Untreated Bft + Ti silage had higher α‐tocopherol content than red clover silages (56·9 vs. 34·2 mg kg −1 DM; P = 0·015).”
Claim · model-written summary
Ensiling increased alpha-tocopherol in Bft + Ti from wilted herbage to untreated silage.
Verbatim
e0“The α‐tocopherol concentration of Bft + Ti forages increased during ensiling from 41·1 mg kg −1 DM in wilted herbage to 56·9, 65·2 and 56·8 mg kg −1 DM in untreated, inoculated and acid‐treated silage respectively ( P = 0·015).”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated Bft + Ti silage had higher alpha-tocopherol than wilted herbage.
Verbatim
e0“The α‐tocopherol concentration of Bft + Ti forages increased during ensiling from 41·1 mg kg −1 DM in wilted herbage to 56·9, 65·2 and 56·8 mg kg −1 DM in untreated, inoculated and acid‐treated silage respectively ( P = 0·015).”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid-treated Bft + Ti silage had higher alpha-tocopherol than wilted herbage.
Verbatim
e0“The α‐tocopherol concentration of Bft + Ti forages increased during ensiling from 41·1 mg kg −1 DM in wilted herbage to 56·9, 65·2 and 56·8 mg kg −1 DM in untreated, inoculated and acid‐treated silage respectively ( P = 0·015).”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculant increased alpha-tocopherol in red clover silages.
- Taxon
- red clover
Trifolium pratensee0 - Treatment
- inoculante0
- Outcome
- α‐tocopherol contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 50·1 vs. 34·2 mg kg −1 DMe0
- Comparator
- untreated red clover silagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculant increased α‐tocopherol content in the red clover silages (50·1 vs. 34·2 mg kg −1 DM; P = 0·015) compared with untreated red clover silages.”
Claim · model-written summary
Red clover mixtures had less beta-carotene than Bft + Ti across treatments.
- Taxon
- Red clover mixturesTrifolium pratensee0
- Outcome
- β‐carotene contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 32·3 vs. 46·2 mg kg −1 DMe0
- Qualifier
- averaged over treatmentse0
- Comparator
- Bft + Tie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Red clover mixtures had lower β‐carotene content than Bft + Ti (32·3 vs. 46·2 mg kg −1 DM; P = 0·016), averaged over treatments.”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · molecular: metabolites · Trifolium pratense (red clover)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.