Abstract
SUMMARY Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.) and mustard ( Brassica hirta Moench.) plants were grown in autoclaved soil to which was added various components of soil inoculum. Use of inocula containing mycorrhizal propagules ultimately resulted in growth promotions which were related to improved phosphorus nutrition. Inoculation with soil containing mycorrhizal propagules caused an initial growth depression in comparison with plants receiving no inoculation, but inoculation with washed spores did not. For several reasons, the growth depression caused by inoculation with soil was not attributable to mycorrhizal infection. First, the growth depression was evident before mycorrhizal infections had become established. Second, the growth depression was also evident when either soil or soil sievings, both lacking mycorrhizal propagules, were used. Third, similar growth depressions were observed in mustard. The results suggest that careful selection of appropriate controls for mycorrhizal plants must be made, particularly if the emphasis is on early phases of plant growth. Use of non‐sterile soil reduced the extent of mycorrhizal infection.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Inocula containing mycorrhizal propagules promoted growth of sunflower and mustard, related to improved phosphorus nutrition.
- Taxon
- Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.)
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- inocula containing mycorrhizal propagulese1
- Compound
- phosphoruse1
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- promotionse1
- Qualifier
- related to improved phosphorus nutritione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.) and mustard ( Brassica hirta Moench.) plants were grown in autoclaved soil to which was added various components of soil inoculum”
e1“Use of inocula containing mycorrhizal propagules ultimately resulted in growth promotions which were related to improved phosphorus nutrition”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with soil containing mycorrhizal propagules caused an initial growth depression relative to no inoculation.
- Taxon
- Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.)Helianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with soil containing mycorrhizal propagulese2
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- depressione2
- Qualifier
- initiale2
- Comparator
- plants receiving no inoculatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.) and mustard ( Brassica hirta Moench.) plants were grown in autoclaved soil to which was added various components of soil inoculum”
e2“Inoculation with soil containing mycorrhizal propagules caused an initial growth depression in comparison with plants receiving no inoculation, but inoculation with washed spores did not”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with washed spores did not cause an initial growth depression relative to no inoculation.
- Taxon
- Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.)Helianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- inoculation with washed sporese2
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- did note2
- Comparator
- plants receiving no inoculatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.) and mustard ( Brassica hirta Moench.) plants were grown in autoclaved soil to which was added various components of soil inoculum”
e2“Inoculation with soil containing mycorrhizal propagules caused an initial growth depression in comparison with plants receiving no inoculation, but inoculation with washed spores did not”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth depression caused by soil inoculation was not attributable to mycorrhizal infection.
- Taxon
- Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.)Helianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- inoculation with soile3
- Outcome
- growth depressione3
- Qualifier
- not attributable to mycorrhizal infectione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.) and mustard ( Brassica hirta Moench.) plants were grown in autoclaved soil to which was added various components of soil inoculum”
e3“For several reasons, the growth depression caused by inoculation with soil was not attributable to mycorrhizal infection”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth depression was evident before mycorrhizal infections had become established.
- Taxon
- Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.)Helianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- growth depressione4
- Qualifier
- before mycorrhizal infections had become establishede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.) and mustard ( Brassica hirta Moench.) plants were grown in autoclaved soil to which was added various components of soil inoculum”
e4“First, the growth depression was evident before mycorrhizal infections had become established. Second, the growth depression was also evident when either soil or soil sievings, both lacking mycorrhizal propagules, were used. Third, similar growth depressions were observed in mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth depression was also evident when soil or soil sievings lacking mycorrhizal propagules were used.
- Taxon
- Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.)Helianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- growth depressione4
- Qualifier
- both lacking mycorrhizal propagulese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.) and mustard ( Brassica hirta Moench.) plants were grown in autoclaved soil to which was added various components of soil inoculum”
e4“First, the growth depression was evident before mycorrhizal infections had become established. Second, the growth depression was also evident when either soil or soil sievings, both lacking mycorrhizal propagules, were used. Third, similar growth depressions were observed in mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Similar growth depressions were observed in mustard.
Verbatim
e4“First, the growth depression was evident before mycorrhizal infections had become established. Second, the growth depression was also evident when either soil or soil sievings, both lacking mycorrhizal propagules, were used. Third, similar growth depressions were observed in mustard”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of non-sterile soil reduced the extent of mycorrhizal infection.
- Taxon
- Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.)Helianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Use of non‐sterile soile5
- Outcome
- extent of mycorrhizal infectione5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower ( Helianthus animus L.) and mustard ( Brassica hirta Moench.) plants were grown in autoclaved soil to which was added various components of soil inoculum”
e5“Use of non‐sterile soil reduced the extent of mycorrhizal infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Careful selection of appropriate controls must be made for mycorrhizal plants, particularly for early growth.
Verbatim
e6“The results suggest that careful selection of appropriate controls for mycorrhizal plants must be made, particularly if the emphasis is on early phases of plant growth”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →inoculation · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
58 papers more in this group
See all 62 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.