Abstract
The use of organic wastes in agriculture can improve the soil's productive capacity, and physical and chemical characteristics. This study evaluated the effects of sewage sludge, sewage sludge compost and inorganic fertilizer applications on nickel, copper and zinc contents in soil and corn grains (Zea mays L); maize productivity, and grain nutritional quality. Sewage sludge and sewage sludge compost at 18 Mg ha¿1 and a mineral fertilizer (N-P-K) with a formulation of 150-75-30 were applied. Significant differences were observed in organic matter, phosphorus and zinc content between sewage sludge-soil and compost-soil, and inorganic fertilizer-soil (P < 0.05). Copper concentration was significantly high in compost-soil (P < 0.05). Productivity in compost-soil and sewage sludge-soil mixtures was higher than in inorganic fertilizer-soil. Grain quality, measured by relative percentage of starch, total nitrogen, protein, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were adequate for human consumption. Application of sewage sludge or compost did not increase heavy metal concentrations in grain with respect to inorganic fertilizer-soil.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Maize productivity in compost-soil and sewage sludge-soil mixtures was higher than with inorganic fertilizer.
- Treatment
- compost-soil and sewage sludge-soil mixturese1
- Outcome
- Productivitye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizer-soile1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn grains (Zea mays L)”
e1“Productivity in compost-soil and sewage sludge-soil mixtures was higher than in inorganic fertilizer-soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper concentration in soil was significantly high in compost-soil.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn grains (Zea mays L)”
e2“Copper concentration was significantly high in compost-soil (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of sewage sludge or compost did not increase heavy metal concentrations in maize grain relative to inorganic fertilizer.
- Organ / stage
- graine3
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge or composte3
- Outcome
- heavy metal concentrationse3
- Direction
- did not increasee3
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizer-soile3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn grains (Zea mays L)”
e3“Application of sewage sludge or compost did not increase heavy metal concentrations in grain with respect to inorganic fertilizer-soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic matter, phosphorus and zinc content differed significantly between sewage sludge-soil and compost-soil and inorganic fertilizer-soil.
- Treatment
- sewage sludge-soil and compost-soile4
- Outcome
- organic matter, phosphorus and zinc contente4
- Comparator
- inorganic fertilizer-soile4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn grains (Zea mays L)”
e4“Significant differences were observed in organic matter, phosphorus and zinc content between sewage sludge-soil and compost-soil, and inorganic fertilizer-soil (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain starch, total nitrogen and protein were adequate for human consumption.
- Organ / stage
- Graine5
- Outcome
- relative percentage of starch, total nitrogen, proteine5
- Qualifier
- adequate for human consumptione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn grains (Zea mays L)”
e5“Grain quality, measured by relative percentage of starch, total nitrogen, protein, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were adequate for human consumption”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were adequate for human consumption.
- Organ / stage
- Graine5
- Outcome
- acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fibere5
- Qualifier
- adequate for human consumptione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn grains (Zea mays L)”
e5“Grain quality, measured by relative percentage of starch, total nitrogen, protein, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were adequate for human consumption”
The same questions in other papers
organic · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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- positive
- positive
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See all 373 papers →fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
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See all 3,908 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.