Abstract
For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae, chemotaxis of zoospores to isoflavones is believed to be critical for recognition of the host and for initiating infection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this chemotaxis are largely unknown. To investigate the role of G-protein and calcium signaling in chemotaxis, we analyzed the expression of several genes known to be involved in these pathways and selected one that was specifically expressed in sporangia and zoospores but not in mycelium. This gene, named PsGPA1, is a single-copy gene in P. sojae and encodes a G-protein alpha subunit that shares 96% identity in amino acid sequence with that of Phytophthora infestans. To elucidate the function, expression of PsGPA1 was silenced by introducing antisense constructs into P. sojae. PsGPA1 silencing did not disturb hyphal growth or sporulation but severely affected zoospore behavior, including chemotaxis to the soybean isoflavone daidzein. Zoospore encystment and cyst germination were also altered, resulting in the inability of the PsGPA1-silenced mutants to infect soybean. In addition, the expressions of a calmodulin gene, PsCAM1, and two calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase genes, PsCMK3 and PsCMK4, were increased in the mutant zoospores, suggesting that PsGPA1 negatively regulates the calcium signaling pathways that are likely involved in zoospore chemotaxis.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing PsGPA1 did not disturb hyphal growth or sporulation of P. sojae.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- PsGPA1 silencinge3
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- hyphal growth or sporulatione3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e3“PsGPA1 silencing did not disturb hyphal growth or sporulation but severely affected zoospore behavior, including chemotaxis to the soybean isoflavone daidzein”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing PsGPA1 severely affected zoospore behavior, including chemotaxis to the isoflavone daidzein.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- PsGPA1 silencinge3
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Compound
- daidzeine3
- Outcome
- zoospore behaviore3
- Qualifier
- including chemotaxis to the soybean isoflavone daidzeine3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e3“PsGPA1 silencing did not disturb hyphal growth or sporulation but severely affected zoospore behavior, including chemotaxis to the soybean isoflavone daidzein”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing PsGPA1 altered zoospore encystment and cyst germination.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- PsGPA1-silenced mutantse4
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- Zoospore encystment and cyst germinatione4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e4“Zoospore encystment and cyst germination were also altered, resulting in the inability of the PsGPA1-silenced mutants to infect soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
PsGPA1-silenced mutants were unable to infect soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- PsGPA1-silenced mutantse4
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- infect soybeane4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e4“Zoospore encystment and cyst germination were also altered, resulting in the inability of the PsGPA1-silenced mutants to infect soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of the calmodulin gene PsCAM1 increased in mutant zoospores.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Gene
- PsCAM1e5
- Outcome
- expressionse5
- Direction
- increasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e5“the expressions of a calmodulin gene, PsCAM1, and two calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase genes, PsCMK3 and PsCMK4, were increased in the mutant zoospores”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase genes PsCMK3 and PsCMK4 increased in mutant zoospores.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Gene
- PsCMK3 and PsCMK4e5
- Outcome
- expressionse5
- Direction
- increasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e5“the expressions of a calmodulin gene, PsCAM1, and two calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase genes, PsCMK3 and PsCMK4, were increased in the mutant zoospores”
Claim · model-written summary
PsGPA1 negatively regulates calcium signaling pathways likely involved in zoospore chemotaxis.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Gene
- PsGPA1e6
- Outcome
- calcium signaling pathwayse6
- Qualifier
- negatively regulatese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e6“suggesting that PsGPA1 negatively regulates the calcium signaling pathways that are likely involved in zoospore chemotaxis”
Claim · model-written summary
PsGPA1 is specifically expressed in sporangia and zoospores but not in mycelium of P. sojae.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- sporangia and zoosporese1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Gene
- PsGPA1e2
- Outcome
- specifically expressede1
- Comparator
- myceliume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e1“selected one that was specifically expressed in sporangia and zoospores but not in mycelium”
e2“This gene, named PsGPA1, is a single-copy gene in P. sojae”
Claim · model-written summary
PsGPA1 shares 96% amino acid sequence identity with the Phytophthora infestans homolog.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Gene
- PsGPA1e2
- Outcome
- identity in amino acid sequencee2
- Value
- 96%e2
- Comparator
- Phytophthora infestanse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae”
e2“This gene, named PsGPA1, is a single-copy gene in P. sojae and encodes a G-protein alpha subunit that shares 96% identity in amino acid sequence with that of Phytophthora infestans”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · Phytophthora sojae · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.