Abstract
The establishment of an efficient protocol for plantlets regeneration and micropropagation from leaf cultures of date palm cv. Quntar is reported. The two types of leaflet segments used in the experiment )First piece of leaf base which have white color, and second piece of leaf tip which have green color(, were taken from micro propagated shoots of date palm cv. These leaf segments were in vitro culture on MS media containing various concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid at 1.0 mgl-1 and benzyl adenine (BA). Maximum induction of callus was obtained from piece of leaf base (white) in medium supplemented with 5.0 mgl-1 2,4-D and 1.0 mgl-1 (BA), as compare with [piece of leaf tip (green)[ which did not show response for callus formation. Using culture system with temporary tissue immersions "bioreactor" in Somatic embryo production enriched with 1.0 mgl-1 2,4-D + 500 mgl-1 active charcoal (AC) gave the highest number of somatic embryos (172 embryos). These embryos formed from 500 mg initial callus. As well as, the short immersions frequently repeated, 1 min immersions every 4 h, led to the largest quantities of embryos. Indirect shoot organogenesis was achieved from the embryogenic callus using 3.0 mgl-1 2iP + 1.0 mgl-1 NAA, where highest number of shoots (8.28 ± 0.71) with maximum frequency (58.34%) was regenerated. The addition of 3 gml-1 Gelrite to medium was optimal for the shoots proliferation. The balance of auxin to cytokinin in medium affected on the growth of the date palm tissue. The shoots were successfully rooted (80%) with rapid elongation when cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 GA3 + 1.0 mgl-1 NAA. Rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized when planted in plastic pots containing a mixture of peat moss and perlite (2:1) with 80% success. Key words: Date palm, histology, indirect shoot organogenesis, leaf segment, somatic embryogenesis, temporary immersion ‘bioreactor’.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
White leaf base segments gave maximum callus induction, whereas green leaf tips did not form callus.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Phoenix dactyliferat0 - Organ / stage
- piece of leaf base (white)e0
- Treatment
- 5.0 mgl-1 2,4-D and 1.0 mgl-1 (BA)e0
- Outcome
- induction of calluse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Comparator
- piece of leaf tip (green)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“Maximum induction of callus was obtained from piece of leaf base (white) in medium supplemented with 5.0 mgl-1 2,4-D and 1.0 mgl-1 (BA), as compare with [piece of leaf tip (green)[ which did not show response for callus formation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Temporary immersion culture yielded 172 somatic embryos from 500 mg callus.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)Phoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- 1.0 mgl-1 2,4-D + 500 mgl-1 active charcoal (AC)e0
- Outcome
- number of somatic embryose0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 172 embryose0
- Qualifier
- 500 mg initial calluse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“Using culture system with temporary tissue immersions "bioreactor" in Somatic embryo production enriched with 1.0 mgl-1 2,4-D + 500 mgl-1 active charcoal (AC) gave the highest number of somatic embryos (172 embryos). These embryos formed from 500 mg initial callus.”
Claim · model-written summary
One minute immersion every four hours produced the largest embryo quantities.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)Phoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- 1 min immersions every 4 he0
- Outcome
- quantities of embryose0
- Direction
- largeste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“short immersions frequently repeated, 1 min immersions every 4 h, led to the largest quantities of embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
The specified regulator mix regenerated the highest number of shoots.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)Phoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- 3.0 mgl-1 2iP + 1.0 mgl-1 NAAe0
- Outcome
- number of shootse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.28 ± 0.71e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“using 3.0 mgl-1 2iP + 1.0 mgl-1 NAA, where highest number of shoots (8.28 ± 0.71) with maximum frequency (58.34%) was regenerated”
Claim · model-written summary
The specified regulator mix achieved maximum shoot regeneration frequency.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)Phoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- 3.0 mgl-1 2iP + 1.0 mgl-1 NAAe0
- Outcome
- frequencye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 58.34%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“using 3.0 mgl-1 2iP + 1.0 mgl-1 NAA, where highest number of shoots (8.28 ± 0.71) with maximum frequency (58.34%) was regenerated”
Claim · model-written summary
Gelrite addition was optimal for shoot proliferation.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)Phoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- 3 gml-1 Gelritee0
- Outcome
- shoots proliferatione0
- Direction
- optimale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“The addition of 3 gml-1 Gelrite to medium was optimal for the shoots proliferation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin to cytokinin balance affected date palm tissue growth.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferae0
- Treatment
- balance of auxin to cytokinine0
- Outcome
- growth of the date palm tissuee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The balance of auxin to cytokinin in medium affected on the growth of the date palm tissue.”
Claim · model-written summary
The specified rooting medium rooted 80% of shoots.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)Phoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 GA3 + 1.0 mgl-1 NAAe0
- Outcome
- shoots were successfully rootede0
- Value
- 80%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“The shoots were successfully rooted (80%) with rapid elongation when cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 GA3 + 1.0 mgl-1 NAA.”
Claim · model-written summary
The rooting medium produced rapid shoot elongation.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)Phoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 GA3 + 1.0 mgl-1 NAAe0
- Outcome
- elongatione0
- Direction
- rapide0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“The shoots were successfully rooted (80%) with rapid elongation when cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 GA3 + 1.0 mgl-1 NAA.”
Claim · model-written summary
Acclimatization in peat moss and perlite succeeded for 80% of rooted shoots.
- Taxon
- date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)Phoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- mixture of peat moss and perlite (2:1)e0
- Outcome
- acclimatizede0
- Value
- 80%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)”
e0“Rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized when planted in plastic pots containing a mixture of peat moss and perlite (2:1) with 80% success.”
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