Abstract
Abstract In a field experiment, the effect of combination of different organic manures on the productivity of crops and soil quality were evaluated in deep vertisols of central India. Combinations of cattle dung manure (CDM), poultry manure (PM), and vermicompost (VC) vis‐à‐vis mineral fertilizers were tested in four cropping systems involving soybean ( Glycine max L.), durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.), mustard ( Brassica juncea L.), chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.), and isabgol ( Plantago ovata Forsk). The organic manures were applied based on the N‐equivalent basis and nutrient requirement of individual crop. The grain yields of durum wheat and isabgol were higher in the treatment that received a combination of CDM + VC + PM whereas in mustard, CDM + PM and in chickpea, CDM + VC recorded the higher yields. The yield levels in these organic‐manure combinations were similar to the yields obtained with mineral fertilizers. Among the cropping systems, soybean–durum wheat and among the nutrient sources, the combination of CDM + VC + PM recorded the highest total productivity. At the end of the 3‐year cropping cycle, application of organic manures improved the soil‐quality parameters viz. , soil organic carbon (SOC), soil available nutrients (N, P, and K), soil enzymes (dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase), and microbial biomass C in the top 0–15 cm soil. Bulk density and mean weight diameter of the soil were not affected by the treatments. Among the cropping systems, soybean–durum wheat recorded the highest SOC and accumulated higher soil available N, P, and K. In conclusion, the study clearly demonstrated that the manures applied in different combinations improved the soil quality and produced the grain yields which are at par with mineral fertilizers.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Durum wheat yield was highest under CDM + VC + PM.
- Taxon
- durum wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durume0 - Treatment
- CDM + VC + PMe0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yields of durum wheat and isabgol were higher in the treatment that received a combination of CDM + VC + PM”
Claim · model-written summary
Isabgol yield was highest under CDM + VC + PM.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The grain yields of durum wheat and isabgol were higher in the treatment that received a combination of CDM + VC + PM”
Claim · model-written summary
Mustard yield was higher under CDM + PM.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“whereas in mustard, CDM + PM and in chickpea, CDM + VC recorded the higher yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea yield was higher under CDM + VC.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- CDM + VCe0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas in mustard, CDM + PM and in chickpea, CDM + VC recorded the higher yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic manure combinations gave yields similar to mineral fertilizers.
Verbatim
e0“The yield levels in these organic‐manure combinations were similar to the yields obtained with mineral fertilizers”
t0“cropping systems”
e1“productivity of crops and soil quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean–durum wheat had the highest total productivity among cropping systems.
- Taxon
- soybean–durum wheat
Glycine maxTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0 - Outcome
- total productivitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- cropping systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the cropping systems, soybean–durum wheat and among the nutrient sources, the combination of CDM + VC + PM recorded the highest total productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
CDM + VC + PM had the highest total productivity among nutrient sources.
- Taxon
- soybean–durum wheatGlycine maxTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- CDM + VC + PMe0
- Outcome
- total productivitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- nutrient sourcese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the cropping systems, soybean–durum wheat and among the nutrient sources, the combination of CDM + VC + PM recorded the highest total productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic manures improved topsoil organic carbon and available N, P, K.
- Taxon
- cropse1
- Organ / stage
- top 0–15 cm soile0
- Treatment
- organic manurese0
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon (SOC), soil available nutrients (N, P, and K)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“application of organic manures improved the soil‐quality parameters viz. , soil organic carbon (SOC), soil available nutrients (N, P, and K), soil enzymes (dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase), and microbial biomass C in the top 0–15 cm soil”
t0“cropping systems”
e1“productivity of crops and soil quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic manures improved topsoil enzyme activity and microbial biomass carbon.
- Taxon
- cropse1
- Treatment
- organic manurese0
- Outcome
- soil enzymes (dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase), and microbial biomass Ce0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“application of organic manures improved the soil‐quality parameters viz. , soil organic carbon (SOC), soil available nutrients (N, P, and K), soil enzymes (dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase), and microbial biomass C in the top 0–15 cm soil”
t0“cropping systems”
e1“productivity of crops and soil quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Bulk density and mean weight diameter were unaffected by treatments.
- Taxon
- cropse1
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Bulk density and mean weight diameter of the soile0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Bulk density and mean weight diameter of the soil were not affected by the treatments”
t0“cropping systems”
e1“productivity of crops and soil quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean–durum wheat had the highest soil organic carbon.
- Taxon
- soybean–durum wheatGlycine maxTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Outcome
- SOCe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean–durum wheat recorded the highest SOC and accumulated higher soil available N, P, and K”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean–durum wheat accumulated more soil available N, P, and K.
- Taxon
- soybean–durum wheatGlycine maxTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Outcome
- soil available N, P, and Ke0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean–durum wheat recorded the highest SOC and accumulated higher soil available N, P, and K”
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- negative
- no effect
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- positive
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1,020 papers in the same direction as this paper · 155 in the opposite direction · 16 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 1,192 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.