Abstract
Lactofen is a diphenylether herbicide recommended to control broad-leaved weeds in soybean (Glycine max) fields and its mechanism of action is the inhibition of protoporphyrinogen-IX oxidase (Protox), which acts in the chlorophyll biosynthesis. This inhibition results in an accumulation of protoporphyrin-IX, which leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress. Consequently, spots, wrinkling and leaf burn may occur, resulting in a transitory crop growth interruption. However, nitric oxide (NO) acts as an antioxidant in direct ROS scavenging. Thus, the aim of this work was to verify, through phytometric and biochemical evaluations, the protective effect of NO in soybean plants treated with the herbicide lactofen. Soybean plants were pre-treated with different levels of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO-donor substance, and then sprayed with 168 g a.i. ha-1 lactofen. Pre-treatment with SNP was beneficial because NO decreased the injury symptoms caused by lactofen in young leaflets and kept low the soluble sugar levels. Nevertheless, NO caused slower plant growth, which indicates that further studies are needed in order to elucidate the action mechanisms of NO in signaling the stress caused by lactofen in soybean crop.
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
SNP pretreatment reduced lactofen injury symptoms in young soybean leaflets.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Organ / stage
- young leafletse0
- Treatment
- Pre-treatment with SNPe0
- Outcome
- injury symptoms caused by lactofene0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre-treatment with SNP was beneficial because NO decreased the injury symptoms caused by lactofen in young leaflets”
e1“soybean (Glycine max)”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP pretreatment kept soluble sugar levels low under lactofen exposure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Pre-treatment with SNPe0
- Outcome
- soluble sugar levelse0
- Direction
- kept lowe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre-treatment with SNP was beneficial because NO decreased the injury symptoms caused by lactofen in young leaflets and kept low the soluble sugar levels”
e1“soybean (Glycine max)”
Claim · model-written summary
NO slowed soybean plant growth under lactofen exposure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- NOe0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- slowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NO caused slower plant growth”
e1“soybean crop”
The same questions in other papers
nitric oxide · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
sodium nitroprusside · physiology: osmolytes · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.