Paper · 2002 · Weed Science

Ladysthumb interference and seed production in cotton

Shawn D. Askew; John W. Wilcut

9
claims
11
verbatim quotes
30
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Studies were conducted to determine the effect of interference between ladysthumb and cotton on plant growth and productivity. Ladysthumb remained shorter than cotton until at least 70 d after cotton planting. However, ladysthumb grew over twice as tall as cotton and, depending on plant density, produced between 179 and 681 g dry biomass per plant by cotton harvest. Ladysthumb biomass per plant was not affected by weed density when grown with cotton. When grown alone, ladysthumb produced over 2,000 g dry biomass per plant, which was over four times greater than biomass produced by plants grown with cotton. Cotton lint yield decreased between 0.7 and 0.9 kg ha−1 with each gram increase in weed dry biomass per meter of the row. The relationship between ladysthumb density and cotton percent yield loss was described by the rectangular hyperbola model with the asymptote (coefficient a) constrained to 100% maximum yield loss. The estimated coefficient i (yield loss per unit density as density approaches zero) was 35 ± 5 and 14 ± 2 in 1998 and 2000, respectively. Ladysthumb seed production was also described by the hyperbolic function. Estimated seed production at 1 plant m−1 of cotton row was 33,000 and 47,000 seed m−2 in 1998 and 2000, respectively.

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Claims 9

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ladysthumb remained shorter than cotton until at least 70 days after cotton planting.

Interactor
Ladysthumbe1weed
Outcome
remained shorter than cottone1
Qualifier
until at least 70 d after cotton plantinge1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Ladysthumb remained shorter than cotton until at least 70 d after cotton planting”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 127–208 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ladysthumb grew over twice as tall as cotton.

Interactor
ladysthumbe2weed
Outcome
grew over twice as tall as cottone2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“However, ladysthumb grew over twice as tall as cotton and, depending on plant density, produced between 179 and 681 g dry biomass per plant by cotton harvest”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 210–367 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Depending on plant density, ladysthumb produced 179 to 681 g dry biomass per plant by cotton harvest.

Interactor
ladysthumbe2weed
Outcome
dry biomass per plante2
Value
179 and 681 ge2
Qualifier
depending on plant densitye2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“However, ladysthumb grew over twice as tall as cotton and, depending on plant density, produced between 179 and 681 g dry biomass per plant by cotton harvest”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 210–367 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ladysthumb biomass per plant was not affected by weed density when grown with cotton.

Treatment
weed densitye3
Interactor
Ladysthumbe3weed
Outcome
Ladysthumb biomass per plante3
Direction
not affectede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“Ladysthumb biomass per plant was not affected by weed density when grown with cotton”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 369–453 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

When grown alone, ladysthumb produced over 2,000 g dry biomass per plant, over four times the biomass of plants grown with cotton.

Treatment
grown alonee4
Interactor
ladysthumbe4weed
Outcome
dry biomass per plante4
Direction
over four times greatere4
Qualifier
over 2,000 ge4
Comparator
grown with cottone4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“When grown alone, ladysthumb produced over 2,000 g dry biomass per plant, which was over four times greater than biomass produced by plants grown with cotton”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 455–612 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cotton lint yield decreased by 0.7 to 0.9 kg/ha with each gram increase in weed dry biomass per meter of row.

Interactor
weede5weed
Outcome
lint yielde5
Direction
decreasede5
Value
0.7 and 0.9 kg ha−1e5
Qualifier
with each gram increase in weed dry biomass per meter of the rowe5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“Cotton lint yield decreased between 0.7 and 0.9 kg ha−1 with each gram increase in weed dry biomass per meter of the row”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 614–734 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The relationship between ladysthumb density and cotton percent yield loss was described by a rectangular hyperbola model with the asymptote constrained to 100% maximum yield loss.

Interactor
ladysthumbe6weed
Outcome
cotton percent yield losse6
Qualifier
rectangular hyperbola modele6

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e6

“The relationship between ladysthumb density and cotton percent yield loss was described by the rectangular hyperbola model with the asymptote (coefficient a) constrained to 100% maximum yield loss”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 736–932 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The estimated coefficient i (yield loss per unit density as density approaches zero) was 35 ± 5 and 14 ± 2 in 1998 and 2000.

Interactor
ladysthumbe6weed
Outcome
coefficient ie7
Value
35 ± 5 and 14 ± 2e7
Qualifier
yield loss per unit density as density approaches zeroe7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e6

“The relationship between ladysthumb density and cotton percent yield loss was described by the rectangular hyperbola model with the asymptote (coefficient a) constrained to 100% maximum yield loss”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 736–932 · show in text ↑
e7

“The estimated coefficient i (yield loss per unit density as density approaches zero) was 35 ± 5 and 14 ± 2 in 1998 and 2000, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–1071 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Estimated seed production of ladysthumb at 1 plant per meter of cotton row was 33,000 and 47,000 seed per square meter in 1998 and 2000.

Interactor
Ladysthumbe0weed
Outcome
seed productione1
Value
33,000 and 47,000 seed m−2e1
Qualifier
at 1 plant m−1 of cotton rowe1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Ladysthumb seed production was also described by the hyperbolic function”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1073–1145 · show in text ↑
e1

“Estimated seed production at 1 plant m−1 of cotton row was 33,000 and 47,000 seed m−2 in 1998 and 2000, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1147–1263 · show in text ↑

competition · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree

9 papers: 0 positive, 9 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper

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