Abstract
Soyscreen oil was studied as a formulation ingredient to protect Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin conidia from UV degradation. Feruloylated soy glycerides, referred to as Soyscreen oil, are biobased UV-absorbing molecules made by combining molecules of soybean oil with ferulic acid. Conidia stored in Soyscreen oil for 28 wk at 25, 30, and 35 degrees C retained viability as well as conidia stored in sunflower oil, demonstrating that Soyscreen did not adversely affect viability with prolonged storage. For samples applied to glass and exposed to simulated sunlight (xenon light), conidia in sunflower oil with or without sunscreens (Soyscreen or oxyl methoxycinnimate) had similar conidia viability after exposure. These oil formulations retained conidia viability better than conidia applied as an aqueous treatment. However, the 10% Soyscreen oil formulation applied to field grown cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants, did not improve residual insecticidal activity compared with aqueous applications of unformulated conidia or two commercial formulations when assayed against Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) larvae. Our results suggest that the oil applications lose UV protection because the oil was absorbed by the leaf. This conclusion was supported in subsequent laboratory exposures of conidia in oil-based formulations with UV screens applied to cabbage leaves or balsa wood, which lost protection as measured by decreased viability of conidia when exposed to simulated sunlight. As a result, additional formulation techniques such as encapsulation to prevent separation of the protective oil from the conidia may be required to extend protection when oil formulations are applied in the field.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Storage of conidia in Soyscreen oil for 28 weeks at 25, 30 and 35 C did not adversely affect conidia viability, which was as high as in sunflower oil.
- Taxon
- cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae2 - Treatment
- stored in Soyscreen oile1
- Outcome
- viabilitye1
- Direction
- retainede1
- Qualifier
- for 28 wk at 25, 30, and 35 degrees Ce1
- Comparator
- sunflower oile1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Conidia stored in Soyscreen oil for 28 wk at 25, 30, and 35 degrees C retained viability as well as conidia stored in sunflower oil”
e2“the 10% Soyscreen oil formulation applied to field grown cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
On glass under simulated sunlight, conidia in sunflower oil with or without sunscreens had similar viability after exposure.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae2
- Treatment
- sunflower oil with or without sunscreense3
- Outcome
- conidia viability after exposuree3
- Direction
- similare3
- Comparator
- without sunscreense3
- Setting
- simulated sunlight (xenon light)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the 10% Soyscreen oil formulation applied to field grown cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants”
e3“For samples applied to glass and exposed to simulated sunlight (xenon light), conidia in sunflower oil with or without sunscreens (Soyscreen or oxyl methoxycinnimate) had similar conidia viability after exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10% Soyscreen oil formulation on field cabbage and bean did not improve residual insecticidal activity against Trichoplusia ni larvae compared with aqueous unformulated conidia or two commercial formulations.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae2
- Treatment
- 10% Soyscreen oil formulatione2
- Interactor
- Trichoplusia ni
Trichoplusia nie3pest - Second interactor
- Beauveria bassiana
Beauveria bassianae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- residual insecticidal activitye3
- Direction
- did not improvee3
- Comparator
- aqueous applications of unformulated conidiae3
- Setting
- fielde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soyscreen oil was studied as a formulation ingredient to protect Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin conidia from UV degradation”
e2“the 10% Soyscreen oil formulation applied to field grown cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants”
e3“did not improve residual insecticidal activity compared with aqueous applications of unformulated conidia or two commercial formulations when assayed against Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Conidia in oil-based UV-screen formulations applied to cabbage leaves or balsa wood lost protection, with decreased viability under simulated sunlight in the laboratory.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae4
- Treatment
- oil-based formulations with UV screense4
- Outcome
- viability of conidiae4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Setting
- laboratorye4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“laboratory exposures of conidia in oil-based formulations with UV screens applied to cabbage leaves or balsa wood, which lost protection as measured by decreased viability of conidia when exposed to simulated sunlight”
Claim · model-written summary
The oil applications lose UV protection, which the authors suggest is because the oil is absorbed by the leaf.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae2
- Outcome
- UV protectione5
- Qualifier
- because the oil was absorbed by the leafe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the 10% Soyscreen oil formulation applied to field grown cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants”
e5“Our results suggest that the oil applications lose UV protection because the oil was absorbed by the leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Encapsulation or other formulation techniques may be required to extend protection when oil formulations are applied in the field.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae2
- Outcome
- extend protectione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the 10% Soyscreen oil formulation applied to field grown cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants”
e6“additional formulation techniques such as encapsulation to prevent separation of the protective oil from the conidia may be required to extend protection when oil formulations are applied in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil formulations retained conidia viability better than aqueous applications of conidia.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae2
- Treatment
- oil formulationse7
- Outcome
- conidia viabilitye7
- Direction
- bettere7
- Comparator
- conidia applied as an aqueous treatmente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the 10% Soyscreen oil formulation applied to field grown cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants”
e7“These oil formulations retained conidia viability better than conidia applied as an aqueous treatment”
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uv · disease · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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storage · growth · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.