Abstract
Objective: This paper reports on a study conducted to determine the effectiveness of pea rhizobia (Rhizobium leguminosarum bv . viciae) resident in Central Kenyan soils. Methodology and results: Garden pea (Pisum sativum cv. Plum) grown in pots containing soils collected from 26 sites, with and without a history of pea cultivation, in central Kenya was inoculated with a commercial rhizobial strain, supplied with 74 mg N pot -1 , or did not receive any treatment (control). Rhizobial inoculation enhanced pea nodule numbers in soils from some sites that had no history of pea cultivation. Nitrogen fertilizer depressed pea nodulation in soil samples from all sites. Most abundant active and total nodules (20 and 22 nodules plant -1 ) were recorded in sites with adequate soil N, high organic carbon and history of pea cultivation In many cases, plants in untreated soils had a high nodule number and accumulated more shoot biomass than plants growing in inoculated or nitrogen supplied soil. This confirmed the N2 fixation efficiency of indigenous pea rhizobia strains. Plants that had poor nodule formation were those growing in soils from a site in Nyeri that was low in soil N and organic carbon. . Conclusion and application: Most soils in Central Kenya have abundant and efficient native strains of pea rhizobia irrespective of pea cultivation history. In some sites, indigenous rhizobia out-performed the commercial inoculant strain. Thus, it is advisable to screen indigenous pea rhizobia strains in the target sites for N2 fixation efficiency with the objective of making more effective inoculants. Improvement in soil organic carbon in Central Kenya can enhance the benefits accruable from pea N2 fixation. A similar study involving a broad range of pea genotypes and strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae is recommended.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial rhizobial inoculation increased pea nodule numbers in some soils without cultivation history.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- Rhizobial inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Rhizobiale0symbiont
- Outcome
- pea nodule numberse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- some sites that had no history of pea cultivatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizobial inoculation enhanced pea nodule numbers in soils from some sites that had no history of pea cultivation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer depressed pea nodulation across all sampled sites.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- pea nodulatione0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Qualifier
- all sitese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer depressed pea nodulation in soil samples from all sites.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sites with adequate soil nitrogen, high organic carbon and pea cultivation history had the most active nodules.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- activee0
- Direction
- Most abundante0
- Value
- 20 and 22 nodules plant -1e0
- Setting
- sites with adequate soil N, high organic carbon and history of pea cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most abundant active and total nodules (20 and 22 nodules plant -1 ) were recorded in sites with adequate soil N, high organic carbon and history of pea cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated soils often supported more pea nodules than inoculated or nitrogen supplied soils.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- untreated soilse0
- Outcome
- nodule numbere0
- Direction
- highe0
- Comparator
- inoculated or nitrogen supplied soile0
Not reportedInteractor
Verbatim
e0“In many cases, plants in untreated soils had a high nodule number and accumulated more shoot biomass than plants growing in inoculated or nitrogen supplied soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated soils often supported more shoot biomass than inoculated or nitrogen supplied soils.
Verbatim
e0“In many cases, plants in untreated soils had a high nodule number and accumulated more shoot biomass than plants growing in inoculated or nitrogen supplied soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
Poor nodulation occurred in plants grown in soil from a Nyeri site low in nitrogen and organic carbon.
Verbatim
e0“Plants that had poor nodule formation were those growing in soils from a site in Nyeri that was low in soil N and organic carbon.”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigenous rhizobia outperformed the commercial inoculant at some sites.
- Taxon
- Garden peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- indigenous rhizobiae0symbiont
- Outcome
- indigenous rhizobia out-performed the commercial inoculant straine0
- Direction
- out-performede0
- Comparator
- commercial inoculant straine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In some sites, indigenous rhizobia out-performed the commercial inoculant strain.”
t0“Garden pea (Pisum sativum cv. Plum)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise screening local rhizobia for nitrogen fixation efficiency when developing inoculants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Interactor
- indigenous pea rhizobia strainse0symbiont
- Outcome
- screen indigenous pea rhizobia strains in the target sites for N2 fixation efficiencye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is advisable to screen indigenous pea rhizobia strains in the target sites for N2 fixation efficiency with the objective of making more effective inoculants.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose improving soil organic carbon to enhance benefits from pea nitrogen fixation.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- Improvement in soil organic carbon in Central Kenyae0
- Setting
- Central Kenyae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Improvement in soil organic carbon in Central Kenya can enhance the benefits accruable from pea N2 fixation.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a broader study of pea genotypes and rhizobial strains.
- Taxon
- Garden peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciaeRhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- A similar study involving a broad range of pea genotypes and strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciaee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A similar study involving a broad range of pea genotypes and strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae is recommended.”
t0“Garden pea (Pisum sativum cv. Plum)”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · symbiosis · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results differ
44 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
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- no effect
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See all 55 papers →fertilization · symbiosis · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 24 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.