Paper · 1993

Effects of N and P rates and proportional timing of N application on rainfed wheat in Zambia

Zambia-Canada Wheat

3
claims
6
verbatim quotes
0
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

A study was carried out to establish the optimum rates of N and P fertilizers, optimal ratio of basal to top dressed N and time for top dressing the balance of total N in rainfed wheat in the high rainfall zone of northern Zambia. Grain yield, number of spikes per unit area and number of kernels per spike increased with both N and P rates. Except for kernel weight, the other yield components were positively correlated with grain yield. Split application with a ratio favouring top dressing, and applied four weeks after seeding gave higher yields than ratios favouring basal dressing. Initial fertility levels and rainfall distribution influence on the effects of these factors are discussed.

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Claims 3

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Grain yield, spike number per unit area and kernel number per spike increased with both N and P rates

Treatment
N and P ratese1
Outcome
Grain yield, number of spikes per unit area and number of kernels per spikee1
Direction
increasede1
Setting
high rainfall zone of northern Zambiae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in rainfed wheat in the high rainfall zone of northern Zambia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–229 · show in text ↑
e1

“Grain yield, number of spikes per unit area and number of kernels per spike increased with both N and P rates”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 231–340 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield components other than kernel weight were positively correlated with grain yield in rainfed wheat

Outcome
other yield componentse2
Direction
positively correlatede2
Qualifier
Except for kernel weighte2
Setting
high rainfall zone of northern Zambiae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in rainfed wheat in the high rainfall zone of northern Zambia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–229 · show in text ↑
e2

“Except for kernel weight, the other yield components were positively correlated with grain yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 342–438 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Split N application with a ratio favouring top dressing, applied four weeks after seeding, gave higher yields than ratios favouring basal dressing

Treatment
Split application with a ratio favouring top dressing, and applied four weeks after seedinge3
Outcome
yieldse3
Direction
highere3
Comparator
ratios favouring basal dressinge3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in rainfed wheat in the high rainfall zone of northern Zambia”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 168–229 · show in text ↑
e3

“Split application with a ratio favouring top dressing, and applied four weeks after seeding gave higher yields than ratios favouring basal dressing”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 440–587 · show in text ↑

phosphorus · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

572 papers: 524 positive, 48 negative or no effect

523 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. negative

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nitrogen · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

2,061 papers: 1,737 positive, 324 negative or no effect

1,736 papers in the same direction as this paper · 285 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. positive
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fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

3,438 papers: 3,115 positive, 323 negative or no effect

3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. no effect

3,434 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.