Abstract
Many people are adapted to the taste of paddy rice and therefore upland cultivation of paddy rice has been tried in water resource limited areas. However, the aerobic soil conditions make paddy rice susceptible to blast disease. The present study aimed at examining responses of grain yield, plant growth and physiology to the relatively anerobic soil conditions created by film mulching for the upland-cultivated paddy rice crop. In Experiment 1, upland and paddy varieties of rice grown in upland conditions were compared with the same paddy variety grown in lowland conditions and the grain filling dynamics, leaf photosynthesis, leaf blast incidence and the final grain yield were examined. In Experiment 2, film mulch was adopted to create relatively anaerobic soil conditions for the paddy variety grown in upland fields and the grain filling dynamics, plant water relations, plant soil nitrogen nutrition and leaf blast incidence as well as the grain quality were compared between upland-grown paddy varieties with and without film mulch and to the same variety grown in lowland conditions. In Experiment 1, grain yield of upland cultivated paddy rice reached a level close to lowland cultivated paddy rice although lower than that of an excellent upland variety. In Experiment 2, the paddy variety grown upland with film mulch showed a higher grain yield than that in non-mulch plots and reached a close level to that in lowland conditions. Film mulch created a relatively anaerobic soil conditions, decreased soil NO 3 -N and increased NH 4 -N, and consequently reduced risk of blast incidence. Compared to those in lowland conditions, paddy rice plants grown upland showed clear osmotic adjustment and improvement in leaf turgor and consequently maintained photosynthetic activities, which would rather be inhibited in dryland conditions. Moreover, the upland cultivated paddy rice contained more proteins and nitrogen and the higher nutritional quality could not be denied although it might not fit the Japanese diet taste. It was possible to produce paddy rice with a reasonable grain yield in upland conditions if film mulching was adopted to create relatively anaerobic soil conditions in the upland field to generate more N in NH 4 + instead in NO 3 status for avoidance of leaf blast incidence.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Upland paddy rice yield was close to lowland paddy rice yield.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of upland cultivated paddy rice reached a level close to lowland cultivated paddy rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Upland paddy rice yield was below that of an excellent upland variety.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of upland cultivated paddy rice reached a level close to lowland cultivated paddy rice although lower than that of an excellent upland variety”
t0“Paddy rice can be cultivated in upland conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Film mulch increased upland paddy rice grain yield against non-mulch plots.
Verbatim
e0“The paddy variety grown upland with film mulch showed a higher grain yield than that in non-mulch plots”
t0“Paddy rice can be cultivated in upland conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulched upland paddy rice yield approached lowland yield.
Verbatim
e0“The paddy variety grown upland with film mulch showed a higher grain yield than that in non-mulch plots and reached a close level to that in lowland conditions”
t0“Paddy rice can be cultivated in upland conditions by film mulching”
Claim · model-written summary
Film mulch created relatively anaerobic soil conditions.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Film mulch created a relatively anaerobic soil conditions”
t0“Paddy rice can be cultivated in upland conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Film mulch decreased soil nitrate nitrogen.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Film mulch created a relatively anaerobic soil conditions, decreased soil NO 3 -N and increased NH 4 -N”
t0“Paddy rice can be cultivated in upland conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Film mulch increased ammonium nitrogen.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Film mulch created a relatively anaerobic soil conditions, decreased soil NO 3 -N and increased NH 4 -N”
t0“Paddy rice can be cultivated in upland conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Film mulch reduced leaf blast risk.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“and consequently reduced risk of blast incidence”
t0“Paddy rice can be cultivated in upland conditions by film mulching”
Claim · model-written summary
Upland plants showed osmotic adjustment relative to lowland plants.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Compared to those in lowland conditions, paddy rice plants grown upland showed clear osmotic adjustment and improvement in leaf turgor”
Claim · model-written summary
Upland plants improved leaf turgor relative to lowland plants.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to those in lowland conditions, paddy rice plants grown upland showed clear osmotic adjustment and improvement in leaf turgor”
Claim · model-written summary
Upland plants maintained photosynthetic activity.
Verbatim
e0“and consequently maintained photosynthetic activities, which would rather be inhibited in dryland conditions”
t0“Paddy rice can be cultivated in upland conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Upland rice contained more proteins.
Verbatim
e0“the upland cultivated paddy rice contained more proteins and nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Upland rice contained more nitrogen.
Verbatim
e0“the upland cultivated paddy rice contained more proteins and nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged film mulching feasible for reasonable upland paddy rice yield and blast avoidance.
Verbatim
e0“It was possible to produce paddy rice with a reasonable grain yield in upland conditions if film mulching was adopted to create relatively anaerobic soil conditions in the upland field to generate more N in NH 4 + instead in NO 3 status for avoidance of leaf blast incidence.”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
105 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
122 papers more in this group
See all 126 papers →mulching · disease · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.