Abstract
Propiconazole, a triazole fungicide, has been reported to inhibit leaf expansion in pecan [ Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] trees when applied under field conditions. This study was conducted to determine the effect of propiconazole on pecan leaf morphology and structure using light and transmission electron microscopy. Mature pecan trees were sprayed once or three times per week from budbreak to pollen maturity. Fungicide sprays resulted in significantly reduced leaf area. Compared to controls, leaves from propiconazole-treated shoots had alterations in cell arrangement characterized by more tightly packed palisade parenchyma cells with fewer intercellular spaces; neither leaf thickness nor palisade or spongy layer thickness were affected. Propiconazole caused modifications in the chloroplasts, with a tendency for internal membranes to be less defined, and for thylakiods to exhibit less stacking. The extent of structural changes was related to fungicide dosage. Results show that propiconazole applications during leaf development can inhibit leaf expansion and modify cellular organization of the mesophyll cells. Chemical name used: 1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl] methyl]-1 H -1,2,4-triazole (propiconazole).
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Propiconazole sprays significantly reduced pecan leaf area.
- Taxon
- Pecan
_1_(24790682337).jpg?width=60)
Carya illinoinensist0 - Treatment
- Fungicide sprayse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_1_(24790682337).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Fungicide sprays resulted in significantly reduced leaf area.”
t0“Pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Propiconazole-treated pecan leaves had more tightly packed palisade cells and fewer intercellular spaces than controls.
- Taxon
- PecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- propiconazole-treatede0
- Outcome
- cell arrangemente0
- Direction
- more tightly packede0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to controls, leaves from propiconazole-treated shoots had alterations in cell arrangement characterized by more tightly packed palisade parenchyma cells with fewer intercellular spaces”
t0“Pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf, palisade and spongy layer thickness were unaffected by propiconazole.
- Taxon
- PecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Outcome
- leaf thickness nor palisade or spongy layer thicknesse0
- Direction
- neithere0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“neither leaf thickness nor palisade or spongy layer thickness were affected”
t0“Pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Propiconazole made chloroplast internal membranes less defined.
- Taxon
- PecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Treatment
- Propiconazolee0
- Outcome
- internal membranese0
- Direction
- less definede0
- Qualifier
- a tendencye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Propiconazole caused modifications in the chloroplasts, with a tendency for internal membranes to be less defined”
t0“Pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Propiconazole tended to reduce thylakoid stacking.
- Taxon
- PecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Treatment
- Propiconazolee0
- Outcome
- thylakiodse0
- Direction
- less stackinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Propiconazole caused modifications in the chloroplasts, with a tendency for internal membranes to be less defined, and for thylakiods to exhibit less stacking”
t0“Pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Structural changes varied with propiconazole dosage.
- Taxon
- PecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Treatment
- fungicide dosagee0
- Outcome
- structural changese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The extent of structural changes was related to fungicide dosage.”
t0“Pecan”
The same questions in other papers
application · growth · Carya illinoinensis (pecan)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →fungicide · growth · Carya illinoinensis (pecan)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.