Abstract
Winter wheat is an important food crop in northern China. To achieving higher yields with less water has been th e focus of researchers. Four planting patterns (row spacing (RS) × plant spacing), namely, 7 × 7 cm (RS7), 14 × 3.5 cm (RS14), 24.5 × 2 cm (RS24.5), and 49 × 1 cm (RS49), and four irrigation regimes, namely, 0, 60, 120, and 180 mm, were studied under field conditions during 2006-07 and 2007-08 at the Agronomy Experimental Station (36°09'N, 117°09'E) of Shandong Agricultural University in Taian, Shandong Province, China. This experiment aimed to study the effect of row spacing and irrigation on leaf area index (LAI), dry matter weight (DM), p hotosynthetically active radiation (PAR) capture ratio at different levels above the ground surface, grain yield and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of winter wheat. Results revealed higher average LAI and DM of RS14 than those of other treatments with all irrigation conditions. The canopy light interception of RS49 was significantly lower than those of other patterns. The PAR capture ratio of RS14 at 0-40 cm aboveground was lower than that at 40-80 cm aboveground, similar to those of RS7 and RS24.5 but not to that of RS49. Increased irrigation resulted in declines of PAR capture ratio at 0 -40 cm aboveground but increased at 60- 80 cm aboveground. Increasing amounts of irrigation resulted in increased yields of winter wheat, and the order RS14 ≈ RS7 > RS24.5 > RS49 was observed. Grain yields of RS7 and RS14 were significantly higher than those of RS24.5 and RS49 (P < 0.01). RS14 with irrigation at 120 mm may be the best option to increase yields and save water in northern China.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
RS14 gave higher average LAI and dry matter than other spacing treatments at all irrigation levels.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- RS14e0
- Outcome
- LAI and DMe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- all irrigation conditionse0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed higher average LAI and DM of RS14 than those of other treatments with all irrigation conditions.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
RS49 had significantly lower canopy light interception than other patterns.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RS49e0
- Outcome
- canopy light interceptione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- other patternse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The canopy light interception of RS49 was significantly lower than those of other patterns.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
RS14 had lower PAR capture at 0-40 cm than at 40-80 cm.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RS14e0
- Outcome
- PAR capture ratioe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- 0-40 cm abovegrounde0
- Comparator
- 40-80 cm abovegrounde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The PAR capture ratio of RS14 at 0-40 cm aboveground was lower than that at 40-80 cm aboveground”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation decreased PAR capture at 0-40 cm.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Increased irrigatione0
- Outcome
- PAR capture ratioe0
- Direction
- declinese0
- Qualifier
- 0 -40 cm abovegrounde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased irrigation resulted in declines of PAR capture ratio at 0 -40 cm aboveground”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing irrigation increased PAR capture at 60-80 cm.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Increased irrigatione0
- Outcome
- PAR capture ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 60- 80 cm abovegrounde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased irrigation resulted in declines of PAR capture ratio at 0 -40 cm aboveground but increased at 60- 80 cm aboveground”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
More irrigation increased winter wheat yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Increasing amounts of irrigatione0
- Outcome
- yields of winter wheate0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing amounts of irrigation resulted in increased yields of winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield followed RS14 ≈ RS7 > RS24.5 > RS49.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- order RS14 ≈ RS7 > RS24.5 > RS49e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the order RS14 ≈ RS7 > RS24.5 > RS49 was observed”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
RS7 and RS14 yielded significantly more grain than RS24.5 and RS49.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RS7 and RS14e0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- P < 0.01e0
- Comparator
- RS24.5 and RS49e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields of RS7 and RS14 were significantly higher than those of RS24.5 and RS49 (P < 0.01).”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
RS14 with 120 mm irrigation may best increase yield while saving water in northern China.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RS14 with irrigation at 120 mme0
- Outcome
- increase yields and save watere0
- Setting
- northern Chinae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RS14 with irrigation at 120 mm may be the best option to increase yields and save water in northern China.”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
797 papers in the same direction as this paper · 184 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
985 papers more in this group
See all 989 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.