Abstract
Tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `Bermuda') were vacuum infiltrated at the breaker stage with 25 to 55 mL·L -1 ethanol (EtOH) vapor at a 10 kPa pressure for 5 minutes and then held for a further period before ripening in air at 22 °C. Fruit could tolerate these EtOH vapor concentrations for no longer than 0 to 12 hours after vacuum infiltration, depending on concentration; otherwise skin pitting, uneven ripening and off-flavors resulted. Noninjurious conditions delayed ripening, as judged by color change, by an additional 1 to 5 days compared with 4 days for the control; aroma or flavor were not altered as determined by a trained taste panel, except in extreme conditions where in some cases off-flavors increased. Soluble solids and titratable acidity did not vary, but pH increased by 0.1 units in some treatments. In control fruit EtOH was found only in the gel tissue, and acetaldehyde (AA) was higher in the gel tissue compared with the pericarp and columella, indicating different metabolic behavior of the various tomato tissues. During vacuum exposure, EtOH moved through the stem scar and to a much lesser extent through the epidermis; during subsequent exposure to EtOH more EtOH moved through the epidermis than before, but still less than through the stem scar. AA increased following EtOH uptake, but all increases in EtOH and AA disappeared before fruit ripened.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Excess ethanol exposure caused fruit injury and off flavors.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- EtOH vapor concentrationse0
- Outcome
- skin pitting, uneven ripening and off-flavorse0
- Value
- 0 to 12 hourse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit could tolerate these EtOH vapor concentrations for no longer than 0 to 12 hours after vacuum infiltration, depending on concentration; otherwise skin pitting, uneven ripening and off-flavors resulted”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Noninjurious ethanol exposure delayed color ripening by 1 to 5 days.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Noninjurious conditionse0
- Outcome
- ripeninge0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 1 to 5 dayse0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Noninjurious conditions delayed ripening, as judged by color change, by an additional 1 to 5 days compared with 4 days for the control”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Aroma and flavor were generally unchanged except under extreme exposure.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- extreme conditionse0
- Outcome
- aroma or flavore0
- Direction
- not alterede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aroma or flavor were not altered as determined by a trained taste panel, except in extreme conditions where in some cases off-flavors increased”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble solids and titratable acidity did not vary.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Soluble solids and titratable aciditye0
- Direction
- did not varye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soluble solids and titratable acidity did not vary”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
pH increased by 0.1 units in some treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- some treatmentse0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.1 unitse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pH increased by 0.1 units in some treatments”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
In controls ethanol was confined to gel tissue.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- gel tissuee0
- Outcome
- EtOH was found only in the gel tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In control fruit EtOH was found only in the gel tissue”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetaldehyde was higher in gel than in pericarp and columella.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- gel tissuee0
- Outcome
- acetaldehyde (AA)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- pericarp and columellae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acetaldehyde (AA) was higher in the gel tissue compared with the pericarp and columella”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanol entered primarily through the stem scar during vacuum exposure.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- stem scare0
- Outcome
- EtOH moved through the stem scare0
- Comparator
- epidermise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During vacuum exposure, EtOH moved through the stem scar and to a much lesser extent through the epidermis”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsequent exposure increased epidermal ethanol entry while stem scar entry remained greater.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- EtOH moved through the epidermise0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- stem scare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“during subsequent exposure to EtOH more EtOH moved through the epidermis than before, but still less than through the stem scar”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetaldehyde rose after ethanol uptake.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- AAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AA increased following EtOH uptake”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanol and acetaldehyde increases resolved before ripening.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Outcome
- increases in EtOH and AA disappearede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all increases in EtOH and AA disappeared before fruit ripened”
t0“Ethanol Vapor Vacuum Infiltration of Tomatoes: Morphological Analysis and Effect on Ripening and Eating Quality”
The same questions in other papers
ethanol · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.