Abstract
Seed developmental is essential stage in the plant life cycle that is highly protective against external stresses. Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb with different concentration of cadmium and arsenic decreased the percentage of germination, germination index and vigour index. This effect was dose dependent and exhibits more inhibitory effects at higher dose of heavy metal. The supplementation of zinc (25 ppm) reduced the inhibitory effect of cadmium and arsenic by increasing the germination index and vigour index at low metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm). The phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity reduced with increasing cadmium and arsenic concentrations compared to control seedling. Arsenic display relatively strong toxicity than cadmium. Reduced phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity were increased significantly with the treatment of zinc at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm). Enhancement in free proline and metal chelating activity as a response to heavy metal stress is reported. The amelioration of seedling growth by zinc supplementation under metal toxicity (at 25 and 50 ppm) was associated with further enhanced level of free proline and improved metal chelating activity. It was found that Zn was able to partially restore the seedling growth and reduced oxidative stress during seed development at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm), whereas at higher concentration of heavy metal, zinc could not able to restored growth and biochemical parameters. In this study, we analyzed the growth promoting and antioxidative effect of zinc on arsenic and cadmium induced inhibitory effect in presence of low level of heavy metal.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium and arsenic treatment decreased germination percentage, germination index and vigour index of Phaseolus aureus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureus
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiata var. radiatae0 - Treatment
- cadmium and arsenice0
- Outcome
- percentage of germination, germination index and vigour indexe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb with different concentration of cadmium and arsenic decreased the percentage of germination, germination index and vigour index”
Claim · model-written summary
The inhibition by cadmium and arsenic in Phaseolus aureus was dose dependent, greater at higher metal doses.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- higher dose of heavy metale1
- Outcome
- inhibitory effectse1
- Direction
- more inhibitorye1
- Qualifier
- dose dependente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“This effect was dose dependent and exhibits more inhibitory effects at higher dose of heavy metal”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc at 25 ppm increased germination index and vigour index of Phaseolus aureus under low cadmium and arsenic concentrations.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- supplementation of zinc (25 ppm)e1
- Outcome
- germination index and vigour indexe1
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Qualifier
- at low metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)e1
- Comparator
- cadmium and arsenice1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“The supplementation of zinc (25 ppm) reduced the inhibitory effect of cadmium and arsenic by increasing the germination index and vigour index at low metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing cadmium and arsenic concentrations reduced phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity of Phaseolus aureus seedlings compared with control.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- increasing cadmium and arsenic concentrationse1
- Outcome
- phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activitye1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- control seedlinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“The phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity reduced with increasing cadmium and arsenic concentrations compared to control seedling”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenic showed relatively strong toxicity compared with cadmium in Phaseolus aureus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Arsenice1
- Outcome
- toxicitye1
- Direction
- relatively stronge1
- Comparator
- cadmiume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“Arsenic display relatively strong toxicity than cadmium”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc treatment significantly increased phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity at low heavy metal concentrations.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- treatment of zince1
- Outcome
- phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“Reduced phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity were increased significantly with the treatment of zinc at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metal stress enhanced free proline and metal chelating activity in Phaseolus aureus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- heavy metal stresse1
- Outcome
- free proline and metal chelating activitye1
- Direction
- Enhancemente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“Enhancement in free proline and metal chelating activity as a response to heavy metal stress is reported”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth amelioration by zinc under metal toxicity was associated with a further enhanced level of free proline.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- zinc supplementation under metal toxicitye1
- Compound
- free prolinee1
- Outcome
- level of free prolinee1
- Direction
- further enhancede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“The amelioration of seedling growth by zinc supplementation under metal toxicity (at 25 and 50 ppm) was associated with further enhanced level of free proline and improved metal chelating activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc supplementation under metal toxicity was associated with improved metal chelating activity.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- zinc supplementation under metal toxicitye1
- Outcome
- metal chelating activitye1
- Direction
- improvede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“The amelioration of seedling growth by zinc supplementation under metal toxicity (at 25 and 50 ppm) was associated with further enhanced level of free proline and improved metal chelating activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc supplementation improved seedling growth of Phaseolus aureus under metal toxicity at 25 and 50 ppm.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- zinc supplementation under metal toxicitye1
- Outcome
- seedling growthe1
- Direction
- amelioratione1
- Qualifier
- at 25 and 50 ppme1
- Comparator
- metal toxicitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“The amelioration of seedling growth by zinc supplementation under metal toxicity (at 25 and 50 ppm) was associated with further enhanced level of free proline and improved metal chelating activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc partially restored seedling growth of Phaseolus aureus at low heavy metal concentrations (25 and 50 ppm).
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Zne1
- Outcome
- seedling growthe1
- Direction
- partially restoree1
- Qualifier
- at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“It was found that Zn was able to partially restore the seedling growth and reduced oxidative stress during seed development at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc reduced oxidative stress in Phaseolus aureus seedlings at low heavy metal concentrations during seed development.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Zne1
- Outcome
- oxidative stresse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- during seed developmente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“It was found that Zn was able to partially restore the seedling growth and reduced oxidative stress during seed development at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
At higher heavy metal concentration, zinc did not restore growth or biochemical parameters of Phaseolus aureus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- zince1
- Outcome
- growth and biochemical parameterse1
- Direction
- could note1
- Qualifier
- at higher concentration of heavy metale1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e1“at higher concentration of heavy metal, zinc could not able to restored growth and biochemical parameters”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ
34 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →cadmium atom · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →arsenic atom · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
arsenic atom · pest · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
zinc atom · physiology: oxidative · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
zinc atom · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
arsenic atom · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →cadmium atom · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
20 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.