Abstract
Seed developmental is essential stage in the plant life cycle that is highly protective against external stresses. Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb with different concentration of cadmium and arsenic decreased the percentage of germination, germination index and vigour index. This effect was dose dependent and exhibits more inhibitory effects at higher dose of heavy metal. The supplementation of zinc (25 ppm) reduced the inhibitory effect of cadmium and arsenic by increasing the germination index and vigour index at low metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm). The phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity reduced with increasing cadmium and arsenic concentrations compared to control seedling. Arsenic display relatively strong toxicity than cadmium. Reduced phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity were increased significantly with the treatment of zinc at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm). Enhancement in free proline and metal chelating activity as a response to heavy metal stress is reported. The amelioration of seedling growth by zinc supplementation under metal toxicity (at 25 and 50 ppm) was associated with further enhanced level of free proline and improved metal chelating activity. It was found that Zn was able to partially restore the seedling growth and reduced oxidative stress during seed development at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm), whereas at higher concentration of heavy metal, zinc could not able to restored growth and biochemical parameters. In this study, we analyzed the growth promoting and antioxidative effect of zinc on arsenic and cadmium induced inhibitory effect in presence of low level of heavy metal.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium and arsenic decreased germination percentage, germination index and vigour index of Phaseolus aureus in a dose-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureus
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Vigna radiata var. radiatat0 - Treatment
- cadmium and arsenice0
- Outcome
- percentage of germination, germination index and vigour indexe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- dose dependente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“antioxidant properties of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e0“Treatment of Phaseolus aureus Roxb with different concentration of cadmium and arsenic decreased the percentage of germination, germination index and vigour index”
e1“This effect was dose dependent and exhibits more inhibitory effects at higher dose of heavy metal”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc at 25 ppm increased germination index and vigour index of Phaseolus aureus under low cadmium and arsenic concentrations.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- supplementation of zinc (25 ppm)e2
- Outcome
- germination index and vigour indexe2
- Direction
- increasinge2
- Qualifier
- at low metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“antioxidant properties of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e2“The supplementation of zinc (25 ppm) reduced the inhibitory effect of cadmium and arsenic by increasing the germination index and vigour index at low metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing cadmium and arsenic concentrations reduced phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity of Phaseolus aureus seedlings compared with control seedlings.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- increasing cadmium and arsenic concentrationse3
- Outcome
- phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activitye3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- control seedlinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“antioxidant properties of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e3“The phenolic content, catalase and FRAP activity reduced with increasing cadmium and arsenic concentrations compared to control seedling”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenic showed relatively strong toxicity compared with cadmium in Phaseolus aureus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- Arsenice4
- Outcome
- toxicitye4
- Direction
- relatively stronge4
- Comparator
- cadmiume4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“antioxidant properties of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e4“Arsenic display relatively strong toxicity than cadmium”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metal stress enhanced free proline and metal chelating activity in Phaseolus aureus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- heavy metal stresse5
- Outcome
- free proline and metal chelating activitye5
- Direction
- Enhancemente5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“antioxidant properties of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e5“Enhancement in free proline and metal chelating activity as a response to heavy metal stress is reported”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc partially restored seedling growth of Phaseolus aureus under low heavy metal concentration.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- Zne6
- Outcome
- seedling growthe6
- Direction
- partially restoree6
- Qualifier
- at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“antioxidant properties of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e6“Zn was able to partially restore the seedling growth and reduced oxidative stress during seed development at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc reduced oxidative stress in Phaseolus aureus under low heavy metal concentration.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- Zne6
- Outcome
- oxidative stresse6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Qualifier
- at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“antioxidant properties of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e6“Zn was able to partially restore the seedling growth and reduced oxidative stress during seed development at low heavy metal concentration (25 & 50 ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
At higher heavy metal concentration, zinc could not restore growth and biochemical parameters of Phaseolus aureus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus aureusVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- zince7
- Outcome
- growth and biochemical parameterse7
- Direction
- could not able to restorede7
- Qualifier
- at higher concentration of heavy metale7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“antioxidant properties of Phaseolus aureus Roxb”
e7“at higher concentration of heavy metal, zinc could not able to restored growth and biochemical parameters”
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