Abstract
Disease control achieved by 10 apple growers converting to organics during the 199798 and 199899 seasons is reported Two orchards experienced black spot outbreaks each season while the remainder averaged 05 spotted fruit Powdery mildew was severe in 199798 but acceptable in 199899 Fruit rots after coolstorage averaged 011 for different varieties in 199798 and 030 in 199899 Fungicide applications averaged 116 in 199798 and 184 in 199899 which was a net increase in chemical use Copper use was below 3 kg/ha/year The mostused spray programme was a greentip copper three prebloom limesulphurs sulphur/copper bloom sprays and sulphur or sulphur/ copper sprays thereafter Results showed that acceptable disease control is achievable in organic orchards but summer and core rots remain a concern
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Two orchards had black spot outbreaks in each season.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Outcome
- black spot outbreakse0
- Value
- Two orchardse0
- Qualifier
- each seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“Two orchards experienced black spot outbreaks each season”
Claim · model-written summary
The remaining orchards averaged 05 spotted fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- spotted fruite0
- Value
- 05e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“the remainder averaged 05 spotted fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew was severe in 199798.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- Powdery mildewe0
- Qualifier
- 199798e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“Powdery mildew was severe in 199798”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew was acceptable in 199899.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- acceptablee0
- Qualifier
- 199899e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“acceptable in 199899”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit rots after coolstorage averaged 011 in 199798.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- Fruit rots after coolstoragee0
- Value
- 011e0
- Qualifier
- 199798e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“Fruit rots after coolstorage averaged 011 for different varieties in 199798”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit rots after coolstorage averaged 030 in 199899.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- 030e0
- Value
- 030e0
- Qualifier
- 199899e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“030 in 199899”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide applications averaged 116 in 199798.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- Fungicide applicationse0
- Value
- 116e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“Fungicide applications averaged 116 in 199798”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide applications averaged 184 in 199899, a net increase in chemical use.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- chemical usee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 184e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“184 in 199899 which was a net increase in chemical use”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper use was below 3 kg/ha/year.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- Copper usee0
- Direction
- belowe0
- Value
- 3 kg/ha/yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“Copper use was below 3 kg/ha/year”
Claim · model-written summary
The most used spray programme combined copper, limesulphur and sulphur sprays at different growth stages.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- mostused spray programmee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“The mostused spray programme was a greentip copper three prebloom limesulphurs sulphur/copper bloom sprays and sulphur or sulphur/ copper sprays thereafter”
Claim · model-written summary
Acceptable disease control is achievable in organic orchards.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- acceptable disease controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“acceptable disease control is achievable in organic orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer and core rots remain a concern in organic orchards.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- summer and core rotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple orchards”
e0“summer and core rots remain a concern”