Abstract
Field studies were conducted at the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station near Shorter, AL, from 1998 to 2000 to evaluate six commercial spray adjuvants and their effects on glyphosate applied to cotton with an air-assisted sprayer. Each adjuvant was evaluated with a conventional sprayer calibrated to deliver 94 L/ha solution and a low-volume, air-assisted sprayer calibrated to deliver 19 L/ha solution. Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton. Visual control of pitted and entireleaf morningglory was more dependent on the rate of herbicide application than on a particular adjuvant or sprayer, with glyphosate at 0.42 kg ae/ha providing 70% control 21 d after treatment. Pitted and entireleaf morningglory biomass measurements generally reflected visual control data. Ammonium sulfate and formulated glyphosate consistently gave the highest visual control and the greatest biomass reduction. Glyphosate application rate was more important than adjuvant addition or sprayer type, with the higher rates of application providing greater control. No differences in weed control were observed between spray systems; therefore, air-assisted sprayers may be used on a field-scale basis with consistent and adequate results.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at 0.42 kg ae/ha gave 70% visual control of pitted and entireleaf morningglory 21 d after treatment.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- glyphosate at 0.42 kg ae/hae1
- Interactor
- pitted and entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- visual controle1
- Value
- 70%e1
- Qualifier
- 21 d after treatmente1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e1“Visual control of pitted and entireleaf morningglory was more dependent on the rate of herbicide application than on a particular adjuvant or sprayer, with glyphosate at 0.42 kg ae/ha providing 70% control 21 d after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual control of morningglory depended more on herbicide rate than on adjuvant or sprayer.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- rate of herbicide applicatione1
- Interactor
- pitted and entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- visual controle1
- Direction
- more dependente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e1“Visual control of pitted and entireleaf morningglory was more dependent on the rate of herbicide application than on a particular adjuvant or sprayer”
Claim · model-written summary
Morningglory biomass measurements generally reflected visual control data.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- biomass measurementse2
- Comparator
- visual control datae2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e2“Pitted and entireleaf morningglory biomass measurements generally reflected visual control data”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate gave the highest visual control of morningglory in glyphosate-treated cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Ammonium sulfatee3
- Interactor
- pitted and entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- visual controle3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Qualifier
- consistentlye3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e3“Ammonium sulfate and formulated glyphosate consistently gave the highest visual control and the greatest biomass reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Formulated glyphosate gave the highest visual control of morningglory in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- formulated glyphosatee3
- Interactor
- pitted and entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- visual controle3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Qualifier
- consistentlye3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e3“Ammonium sulfate and formulated glyphosate consistently gave the highest visual control and the greatest biomass reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate gave the greatest biomass reduction of morningglory in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Ammonium sulfatee3
- Interactor
- pitted and entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- biomass reductione3
- Direction
- greateste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e3“Ammonium sulfate and formulated glyphosate consistently gave the highest visual control and the greatest biomass reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Formulated glyphosate gave the greatest biomass reduction of morningglory in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- formulated glyphosatee3
- Interactor
- pitted and entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- biomass reductione3
- Direction
- greateste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e3“Ammonium sulfate and formulated glyphosate consistently gave the highest visual control and the greatest biomass reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher glyphosate application rates gave greater morningglory control than lower rates.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- higher rates of applicatione4
- Interactor
- pitted and entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- controle4
- Direction
- greatere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e4“Glyphosate application rate was more important than adjuvant addition or sprayer type, with the higher rates of application providing greater control”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control did not differ between the conventional and the air-assisted spray systems.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- spray systemse5
- Interactor
- pitted and entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle5
- Direction
- No differencese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e5“No differences in weed control were observed between spray systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Air-assisted sprayers may be used on a field-scale basis in cotton with consistent and adequate results.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- air-assisted sprayers may be used on a field-scale basise6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was applied to two-leaf pitted and entireleaf morningglory growing in glyphosate-resistant cotton”
e6“air-assisted sprayers may be used on a field-scale basis with consistent and adequate results”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →ammonium sulfate · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
ammonium sulfate · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
glyphosate · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
37 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
37 papers more in this group
See all 41 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.