Paper · 2007 · Indian journal of plant protection

Newer Insecticides Against Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea with Special Reference to Helicoverpa armigera and Melanagromyza obtusa

T. Srinivasan; C. Durairaj

9
claims
36
verbatim quotes
7
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004 to evaluate the bioefficacy of certain newer insecticides against gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner and podfly, Melanagromyza obtusa Malloch on pigeonpea. Experimental results showed that the least Helicoverpa larval population of 2.0/plant was recorded on spinosad 45 SC (73 g a.i./ha) treatment followed by indoxacarb 14.8 SC (2.4/plant) as against a maximum population of 6.7/plant in the untreated check. The pod damage due to H. armigera infestation was the least (9.4%) in bifenthrin 10 EC (80 g a.i./ha) treated plots as against a maximum pod damage of 56.3 per cent in the untreated control. However, the grain damage due to podfly was the lowest in monocrotophos 36 WSC @ 270 g a.i/ha and was followed by bifenthrin 10 EC (25.6%). The untreated plot recorded maximum damage of 53.7%. Highest grain yield was recorded in bifenthrin treated plots (925.6 kg/ha) followed by indoxacarb (864.0 kg/ha) and spinosad 45 SC @ 73 g a.i/ha (841.1 kg/ha) as against the minimum yield of 432.7 kg/ha in the untreated control.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spinosad 45 SC gave the lowest Helicoverpa larval population on pigeonpea, against the highest population in the untreated check.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Treatment
spinosad 45 SC (73 g a.i./ha)e1
Interactor
Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae2pest
Outcome
Helicoverpa larval populatione1
Direction
leaste1
Value
2.0/plante1
Qualifier
6.7/plante1
Comparator
untreated checke1
Setting
field experimentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa armigera · InteractorRaimundo Pastor · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e0

“Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–57 · show in text ↑
e1

“Experimental results showed that the least Helicoverpa larval population of 2.0/plant was recorded on spinosad 45 SC (73 g a.i./ha) treatment followed by indoxacarb 14.8 SC (2.4/plant) as against a maximum population of 6.7/plant in the untreated check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 223–475 · show in text ↑
e2

“gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 124–167 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Indoxacarb 14.8 SC was the second lowest in Helicoverpa larval population on pigeonpea, at 2.4 per plant.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Treatment
indoxacarb 14.8 SCe1
Interactor
Helicoverpa armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae2pest
Outcome
Helicoverpa larval populatione1
Direction
followed bye1
Value
2.4/plante1
Setting
field experimentse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa armigera · InteractorRaimundo Pastor · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e0

“Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–57 · show in text ↑
e1

“Experimental results showed that the least Helicoverpa larval population of 2.0/plant was recorded on spinosad 45 SC (73 g a.i./ha) treatment followed by indoxacarb 14.8 SC (2.4/plant) as against a maximum population of 6.7/plant in the untreated check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 223–475 · show in text ↑
e2

“gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 124–167 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bifenthrin 10 EC gave the least pod damage by H. armigera, at 9.4%, against 56.3 per cent in the untreated control.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Treatment
bifenthrin 10 EC (80 g a.i./ha)e3
Interactor
H. armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae3pest
Outcome
pod damagee3
Direction
leaste3
Value
9.4%e3
Qualifier
56.3 per cente3
Comparator
untreated controle3
Setting
field experimentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa armigera · InteractorRaimundo Pastor · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e0

“Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–57 · show in text ↑
e3

“The pod damage due to H. armigera infestation was the least (9.4%) in bifenthrin 10 EC (80 g a.i./ha) treated plots as against a maximum pod damage of 56.3 per cent in the untreated control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 477–666 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Monocrotophos 36 WSC gave the lowest podfly grain damage on pigeonpea, against 53.7% in the untreated plot.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Treatment
monocrotophos 36 WSC @ 270 g a.i/hae4
Interactor
Melanagromyza obtusaMelanagromyza obtusae6pest
Outcome
grain damagee4
Direction
loweste4
Qualifier
53.7%e5
Comparator
untreated plote5
Setting
field experimentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Melanagromyza obtusa
Melanagromyza obtusa · InteractorDigvijaysinh Padhiyar · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e0

“Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–57 · show in text ↑
e4

“the grain damage due to podfly was the lowest in monocrotophos 36 WSC @ 270 g a.i/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 677–761 · show in text ↑
e5

“The untreated plot recorded maximum damage of 53.7%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 808–859 · show in text ↑
e6

“podfly, Melanagromyza obtusa Malloch”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 172–208 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bifenthrin 10 EC was the second lowest in podfly grain damage on pigeonpea, at 25.6%.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Treatment
bifenthrin 10 ECe7
Interactor
Melanagromyza obtusaMelanagromyza obtusae6pest
Outcome
grain damagee4
Direction
followed bye7
Value
25.6%e7
Comparator
untreated plote5
Setting
field experimentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Melanagromyza obtusa
Melanagromyza obtusa · InteractorDigvijaysinh Padhiyar · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e0

“Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–57 · show in text ↑
e4

“the grain damage due to podfly was the lowest in monocrotophos 36 WSC @ 270 g a.i/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 677–761 · show in text ↑
e5

“The untreated plot recorded maximum damage of 53.7%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 808–859 · show in text ↑
e6

“podfly, Melanagromyza obtusa Malloch”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 172–208 · show in text ↑
e7

“followed by bifenthrin 10 EC (25.6%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 770–806 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bifenthrin-treated plots gave the highest grain yield on pigeonpea, at 925.6 kg/ha.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Treatment
bifenthrine1
Outcome
grain yielde1
Direction
Higheste1
Value
925.6 kg/hae1
Setting
field experimentse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e0

“Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–57 · show in text ↑
e1

“Highest grain yield was recorded in bifenthrin treated plots (925.6 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 861–935 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Indoxacarb gave the second highest grain yield on pigeonpea, at 864.0 kg/ha, against the untreated control.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Treatment
indoxacarbe2
Outcome
grain yielde1
Direction
followed bye2
Value
864.0 kg/hae2
Comparator
untreated controle2
Setting
field experimentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e0

“Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–57 · show in text ↑
e1

“Highest grain yield was recorded in bifenthrin treated plots (925.6 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 861–935 · show in text ↑
e2

“followed by indoxacarb (864.0 kg/ha) and spinosad 45 SC @ 73 g a.i/ha (841.1 kg/ha) as against the minimum yield of 432.7 kg/ha in the untreated control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 936–1088 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spinosad 45 SC gave a grain yield of 841.1 kg/ha on pigeonpea, against the untreated control.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Treatment
spinosad 45 SC @ 73 g a.i/hae2
Outcome
grain yielde1
Direction
followed bye2
Value
841.1 kg/hae2
Comparator
untreated controle2
Setting
field experimentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e0

“Two field experiments were conducted during 2003 and 2004”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–57 · show in text ↑
e1

“Highest grain yield was recorded in bifenthrin treated plots (925.6 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 861–935 · show in text ↑
e2

“followed by indoxacarb (864.0 kg/ha) and spinosad 45 SC @ 73 g a.i/ha (841.1 kg/ha) as against the minimum yield of 432.7 kg/ha in the untreated control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 936–1088 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The untreated control on pigeonpea had the minimum grain yield, at 432.7 kg/ha.

Taxon
PigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
Outcome
grain yielde1
Value
432.7 kg/hae2
Qualifier
minimum yielde2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Pod Borer Complex of Pigeonpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–57 · show in text ↑
e1

“Highest grain yield was recorded in bifenthrin treated plots (925.6 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 861–935 · show in text ↑
e2

“as against the minimum yield of 432.7 kg/ha in the untreated control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1020–1088 · show in text ↑

monocrotophos · Melanagromyza obtusa · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

bifenthrin · yield · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

indoxacarb · Helicoverpa armigera · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

spinosad · Helicoverpa armigera · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree

9 papers: 9 positive, 0 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

indoxacarb · yield · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree

16 papers: 16 positive, 0 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

spinosad · yield · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Results agree

17 papers: 17 positive, 0 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

13 papers more in this group

See all 17 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.