Abstract
Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control. Yellow mustard was managed to provide interference durations of 2,4,6, or 8 wk, and maximum height of 10 or 20 cm. Three yellow mustard planting patterns and eight seeding rates were evaluated during 1989 and 1990 at St. Paul and Rosemount, MN. Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cm decreased corn yield 17% and reduced weed dry weight 4 wk after yellow mustard emergence an average of 66%. Yellow mustard with a 2-wk interference duration did not reduce weed dry weight. Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10-cm height reduced weed dry weight at the end of the interference period an average of 82% but delayed corn silk emergence an average of 5.3 d and reduced average grain yield 19%. Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cm delayed corn silk emergence and reduced grain yield but did not decrease weed dry weight. Yellow mustard with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cm, seeded over the corn row at 530 seeds m −2 , reduced weed dry weight 4 wk after mustard emergence an average of 51%, and resulted in an average corn grain yield reduction of 4%, compared with corn grown in monoculture averaged over weedy and weed-free treatments. These results suggest that it may be possible to develop spring-seeded smother plants that reduce weed biomass up to 80% but have only a small impact on corn yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow mustard with 4 wk interference and 10 cm height decreased corn yield by 17%.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cme1
- Outcome
- corn yielde1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 17%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e1“Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cm decreased corn yield 17% and reduced weed dry weight 4 wk after yellow mustard emergence an average of 66%”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow mustard with 4 wk interference and 10 cm height reduced weed dry weight by an average of 66%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cme1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 66%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e1“Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cm decreased corn yield 17% and reduced weed dry weight 4 wk after yellow mustard emergence an average of 66%”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow mustard with a 2-wk interference duration did not reduce weed dry weight.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Yellow mustard with a 2-wk interference duratione3
- Interactor
- weede3weed
- Outcome
- weed dry weighte3
- Direction
- did not reducee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e3“Yellow mustard with a 2-wk interference duration did not reduce weed dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow mustard with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10 cm height reduced weed dry weight by an average of 82%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10-cm heighte4
- Interactor
- weede4weed
- Outcome
- weed dry weighte4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 82%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e4“Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10-cm height reduced weed dry weight at the end of the interference period an average of 82% but delayed corn silk emergence an average of 5.3 d and reduced average grain yield 19%”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow mustard with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10 cm height delayed corn silk emergence by an average of 5.3 days.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10-cm heighte4
- Outcome
- corn silk emergencee4
- Direction
- delayede4
- Value
- 5.3 de4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e4“Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10-cm height reduced weed dry weight at the end of the interference period an average of 82% but delayed corn silk emergence an average of 5.3 d and reduced average grain yield 19%”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow mustard with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10 cm height reduced average corn grain yield by 19%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10-cm heighte4
- Outcome
- average grain yielde4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 19%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e4“Yellow mustard seeded at 2120 seeds m −2 with a 6- or 8-wk life cycle and 10-cm height reduced weed dry weight at the end of the interference period an average of 82% but delayed corn silk emergence an average of 5.3 d and reduced average grain yield 19%”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cm delayed corn silk emergence.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cme7
- Outcome
- corn silk emergencee7
- Direction
- delayede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e7“Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cm delayed corn silk emergence and reduced grain yield but did not decrease weed dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cm reduced corn grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cme7
- Outcome
- grain yielde7
- Direction
- reducede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e7“Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cm delayed corn silk emergence and reduced grain yield but did not decrease weed dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cm did not decrease weed dry weight.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cme7
- Interactor
- weede7weed
- Outcome
- weed dry weighte7
- Direction
- did not decreasee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e7“Increasing yellow mustard height from 10 to 20 cm delayed corn silk emergence and reduced grain yield but did not decrease weed dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow mustard with 4 wk interference and 10 cm height over the corn row at 530 seeds m-2 reduced weed dry weight by an average of 51%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Yellow mustard with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cm, seeded over the corn row at 530 seeds m -2e1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 51%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e1“Yellow mustard with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cm, seeded over the corn row at 530 seeds m -2 , reduced weed dry weight 4 wk after mustard emergence an average of 51%”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow mustard seeded over the corn row at 530 seeds m-2 reduced average corn grain yield by 4% compared with corn in monoculture.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Yellow mustard with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cm, seeded over the corn row at 530 seeds m -2e1
- Outcome
- average corn grain yielde2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Value
- 4%e2
- Comparator
- corn grown in monoculturee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of a short-term spring-seeded smother plant on corn development and weed control”
e1“Yellow mustard with an interference duration of 4 wk and a maximum height of 10 cm, seeded over the corn row at 530 seeds m -2 , reduced weed dry weight 4 wk after mustard emergence an average of 51%”
e2“resulted in an average corn grain yield reduction of 4%, compared with corn grown in monoculture averaged over weedy and weed-free treatments”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.