Abstract
Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages to evaluate the effects of maturity on intake, digestion, and milk production when corn was fed as silage in the diet. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows were used in a replicated experiment with a 4 x 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. Diets containing 50% forage (67% corn silage and 33% alfalfa silage) and 50% concentrate (dry matter basis) were fed as total mixed rations. Moisture contents were 69.9, 67.6, 64.9, and 58.0% for silages from corn harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages, respectively. Intakes of dry matter were similar across the four treatments and ranged from 3.73 to 3.79% of body weight. Milk production was highest (33.4 kg/d) for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stage and lowest (32.4 kg/d) for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the early dent stage. Milk protein production was highest for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stage (1.17 vs. 1.12 to 1.13 kg/d). Apparent total tract digestion of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and starch was lowest for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage. Although starch intake was similar for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stage and for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage (9 kg/d), intake of digestible starch was 0.4 kg/d lower for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage. The optimum stage for corn that was ensiled was two-thirds milkline with some flexibility between quarter and two-thirds milkline.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture contents of silages from corn harvested at four maturity stages were 69.9, 67.6, 64.9 and 58.0%.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Organ / stage
- early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stagese2
- Outcome
- Moisture contentse2
- Value
- 69.9, 67.6, 64.9, and 58.0%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e2“Moisture contents were 69.9, 67.6, 64.9, and 58.0% for silages from corn harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter intake was similar across the four corn harvest maturity treatments, at 3.73 to 3.79% of body weight.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stagese0
- Outcome
- Intakes of dry mattere1
- Direction
- similare1
- Value
- 3.73 to 3.79%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e1“Intakes of dry matter were similar across the four treatments and ranged from 3.73 to 3.79% of body weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk production was highest (33.4 kg/d) for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- two-thirds milkline stagee3
- Treatment
- silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stagee3
- Outcome
- Milk productione3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 33.4 kg/de3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e3“Milk production was highest (33.4 kg/d) for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stage and lowest (32.4 kg/d) for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the early dent stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk production was lowest (32.4 kg/d) for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the early dent stage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- early dent stagee3
- Treatment
- silage from corn harvested at the early dent stagee3
- Outcome
- Milk productione3
- Direction
- loweste3
- Value
- 32.4 kg/de3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e3“Milk production was highest (33.4 kg/d) for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stage and lowest (32.4 kg/d) for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the early dent stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk protein production was highest for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stage (1.17 vs. 1.12 to 1.13 kg/d).
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- two-thirds milkline stagee4
- Treatment
- silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stagee4
- Outcome
- Milk protein productione4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 1.17 vs. 1.12 to 1.13 kg/de4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e4“Milk protein production was highest for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the two-thirds milkline stage (1.17 vs. 1.12 to 1.13 kg/d)”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparent total tract digestion of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein was lowest for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- black layer stagee5
- Treatment
- silage from corn harvested at the black layer stagee5
- Outcome
- Apparent total tract digestion of dry matter, organic matter, crude proteine5
- Direction
- loweste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e5“Apparent total tract digestion of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and starch was lowest for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparent total tract digestion of acid detergent fiber and starch was lowest for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- black layer stagee5
- Treatment
- silage from corn harvested at the black layer stagee5
- Outcome
- acid detergent fiber, and starche5
- Direction
- loweste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e5“Apparent total tract digestion of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and starch was lowest for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Intake of digestible starch was 0.4 kg/d lower for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- black layer stagee6
- Treatment
- silage from corn harvested at the black layer stagee6
- Outcome
- intake of digestible starche6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Value
- 0.4 kg/de6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e6“intake of digestible starch was 0.4 kg/d lower for cows fed silage from corn harvested at the black layer stage”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimum harvest stage for corn to be ensiled is two-thirds milkline, with some flexibility between quarter and two-thirds milkline.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- two-thirds milklinee7
- Outcome
- optimum stage for corn that was ensilede7
- Qualifier
- some flexibility between quarter and two-thirds milklinee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages”
e7“The optimum stage for corn that was ensiled was two-thirds milkline with some flexibility between quarter and two-thirds milkline”
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