Abstract
Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle. Advancement of corn silage genetics has improved nutrient digestibility and dairy cow lactation performance in the past. A corn silage hybrid with enhanced endogenous α-amylase activity (Enogen, Syngenta Seeds LLC) may improve milk production efficiency and nutrient digestibility when fed to lactating dairy cows. Furthermore, evaluating how Enogen silage interacts with different dietary starch content is important because the ruminal environment is influenced by the amount of rumen fermentable organic matter consumed. To evaluate the effects of Enogen corn silage and dietary starch content, we conducted an 8-wk randomized complete block experiment (2-wk covariate period, 6-wk experimental period) with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement using 44 cows (n = 11/treatment; 28 multiparous, 16 primiparous; 151 ± 42 d in milk; 668 ± 63.6 kg of body weight). Treatment factors were Enogen corn silage (ENO) or control (CON) corn silage included at 40% of diet dry matter and 25% (LO) or 30% (HI) dietary starch. Corn silage used in CON treatment was a similar hybrid as in ENO but without enhanced α-amylase activity. The experimental period began 41 d after silage harvest. Feed intake and milk yield data were collected daily, plasma metabolites and fecal pH were measured weekly, and digestibility was measured during the first and final weeks of the experimental period. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model approach with repeated measures for all variables except for body condition score change and body weight change. Corn silage, starch, week, and their interactions were included as fixed effects; baseline covariates and their interactions with corn silage and starch were also tested. Block and cow served as the random effects. Plasma glucose, insulin, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A concentrations were unaffected by treatment. Fecal pH was greater for cows fed ENO versus CON. Dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch digestibility were all greater for ENO than CON during wk 1, but differences were less by wk 6. The HI treatments depressed neutral detergent fiber digestibility compared with LO. Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected by corn silage but was affected by the interaction of starch and week; in wk 1, DMI was similar but by wk 6, cows fed HI had 1.8 ± 0.93 kg/d less DMI than LO cows. Milk, energy-corrected milk, and milk protein yields were 1.7 ± 0.94 kg/d, 1.3 ± 0.70 kg/d, and 65 ± 27 g/d greater for HI than LO, respectively. In conclusion, ENO increased digestibility but it did not affect milk yield, component yields, or DMI. Increasing dietary starch content improved milk production and feed efficiency without affecting markers of inflammation or metabolism.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Plasma glucose, insulin and haptoglobin concentrations were unaffected by corn silage or starch treatment.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Enogen corn silage (ENO)e1
- Outcome
- Plasma glucose, insulin, haptoglobine2
- Direction
- unaffectede2
- Comparator
- control (CON) corn silagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Treatment factors were Enogen corn silage (ENO) or control (CON) corn silage”
e2“Plasma glucose, insulin, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A concentrations were unaffected by treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Serum amyloid A concentration was unaffected by corn silage or starch treatment.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Enogen corn silage (ENO)e1
- Outcome
- serum amyloid Ae2
- Direction
- unaffectede2
- Comparator
- control (CON) corn silagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Treatment factors were Enogen corn silage (ENO) or control (CON) corn silage”
e2“Plasma glucose, insulin, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A concentrations were unaffected by treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Fecal pH was greater for cows fed ENO corn silage than CON.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Fecal pH was greater for cows fed ENO versus CON”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber digestibility were greater for ENO than CON in week 1; differences were smaller by week 6.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- ENOe1
- Outcome
- Dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibere1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Qualifier
- during wk 1, but differences were less by wk 6e1
- Comparator
- CONe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch digestibility were all greater for ENO than CON during wk 1, but differences were less by wk 6”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch digestibility was greater for ENO than CON in week 1; differences were smaller by week 6.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- ENOe1
- Outcome
- starch digestibilitye1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Qualifier
- during wk 1, but differences were less by wk 6e1
- Comparator
- CONe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch digestibility were all greater for ENO than CON during wk 1, but differences were less by wk 6”
Claim · model-written summary
The HI starch diet depressed neutral detergent fiber digestibility compared with LO.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- HIe1
- Outcome
- neutral detergent fiber digestibilitye1
- Direction
- depressede1
- Comparator
- LOe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“The HI treatments depressed neutral detergent fiber digestibility compared with LO”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter intake was not affected by corn silage type.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- corn silagee1
- Outcome
- Dry matter intake (DMI)e1
- Direction
- not affectede1
- Qualifier
- but was affected by the interaction of starch and weeke1
- Comparator
- control (CON) corn silagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected by corn silage but was affected by the interaction of starch and week”
e2“Treatment factors were Enogen corn silage (ENO) or control (CON) corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
By week 6, cows fed the HI starch diet had 1.8 kg/d lower dry matter intake than LO cows.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- HIe1
- Outcome
- DMIe1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 1.8 ± 0.93 kg/de1
- Qualifier
- by wk 6e1
- Comparator
- LOe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“in wk 1, DMI was similar but by wk 6, cows fed HI had 1.8 ± 0.93 kg/d less DMI than LO cows”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter intake was similar for HI and LO starch diets in week 1.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- HIe1
- Outcome
- DMIe1
- Direction
- similare1
- Qualifier
- in wk 1e1
- Comparator
- LOe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“in wk 1, DMI was similar but by wk 6, cows fed HI had 1.8 ± 0.93 kg/d less DMI than LO cows”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk yield was 1.7 ± 0.94 kg/d greater for the HI than the LO starch diet.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- HIe1
- Outcome
- Milke1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 1.7 ± 0.94 kg/de1
- Comparator
- LOe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Milk, energy-corrected milk, and milk protein yields were 1.7 ± 0.94 kg/d, 1.3 ± 0.70 kg/d, and 65 ± 27 g/d greater for HI than LO, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Energy-corrected milk was 1.3 ± 0.70 kg/d greater for the HI than the LO starch diet.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- HIe1
- Outcome
- energy-corrected milke1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 1.3 ± 0.70 kg/de1
- Comparator
- LOe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Milk, energy-corrected milk, and milk protein yields were 1.7 ± 0.94 kg/d, 1.3 ± 0.70 kg/d, and 65 ± 27 g/d greater for HI than LO, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk protein yield was 65 ± 27 g/d greater for the HI than the LO starch diet.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- HIe1
- Outcome
- milk protein yieldse1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 65 ± 27 g/de1
- Comparator
- LOe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Milk, energy-corrected milk, and milk protein yields were 1.7 ± 0.94 kg/d, 1.3 ± 0.70 kg/d, and 65 ± 27 g/d greater for HI than LO, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
ENO corn silage did not affect milk yield or component yields, although it increased digestibility.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- ENOe1
- Outcome
- milk yield, component yieldse1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“ENO increased digestibility but it did not affect milk yield, component yields, or DMI”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing dietary starch improved feed efficiency.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Increasing dietary starch contente1
- Outcome
- feed efficiencye1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn silage is one of the most common ingredients fed to dairy cattle”
e1“Increasing dietary starch content improved milk production and feed efficiency without affecting markers of inflammation or metabolism”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.