Abstract
A field plot study was laid out using a randomized complete block design with three replicates to evaluate two organic corn hybrids (MC 5300 [N] and MasterGraze [MG]) with two soybeans (Viking 2265 [R] and Vining [V]) at four seeding rates (R1 = 65:35, R2 = 55:45, R3 = 45:55, and R4 = 35:65 of corn:soybean) in terms of forage yield, nutrient yields, and quality. Forage was hand harvested 101 (MG corn with both soybeans) and 116 d (N corn with both soybeans) after planting during 2015 season, inoculated, packed into buckets, weighed, and ensiled for 90 d. Buckets were then reweighed and opened and forage samples were collected and analyzed for nutrient composition. The main effect of corn for DM yield (DMY) was greater (P < 0.05) for N compared with MG (27.73 and 19.90 T/ha for N and MG, respectively), whereas the main effect of soybean for DMY was similar (P > 0.05; 23.77 and 23.86 T/ha for R and V, respectively). Main effect of seeding rate on DMY was higher (P < 0.05) for R1 and R2 compared with R3 and R4 (25.38, 24.48, 21.81, and 23.59 T/ha for R1, R2, R3, and R4, respectively). Yields of digestible DM (DDM; 19.55 and 13.67 T/ha) and CP (2.40 and 2.12 T/ha) were greater (P < 0.05) for N corn compared with MG corn, similar (P > 0.05) for both soybean (DDM: 16.65 and 16.57 T/ha and CP: 2.33 and 2.19 T/ha for R and V, respectively) and higher (P < 0.05) DDM for R1 and R2 compared with R3 and R4 (17.70, 17.08,15.13, and 16.54 T/ha for R1, R2, R3, and R4, respectively). Yield of starch (7.78 and 2.45 T/ha for N and MG) and 30-h NDF digestibility (NDFD30; 44.47 and 52.49% for N and MG) for main effect of corn were different (P < 0.05), whereas they were similar (P > 0.05) for the main effect of soybean (starch yield: 5.25 and 4.98 T/ha and NDFD30: 48.58 and 48.38% for R and V, respectively). The combination of N corn with either R or V soybean at the ratio of R1 or R2 resulted in the greatest yield of DM, DDM, and starch. A forage blend produced through mixed cropping of corn and soybeans holds a great potential for increasing the forage and nutrient yields to meet the nutrient requirements of lactating dairy cows.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
N corn had greater dry matter yield than MG corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Material
- MC 5300 [N]e1
- Outcome
- DM yield (DMY)e2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 27.73 and 19.90 T/hae2
- Comparator
- MasterGraze [MG]e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“two organic corn hybrids (MC 5300 [N] and MasterGraze [MG]) with two soybeans (Viking 2265 [R] and Vining [V])”
e2“The main effect of corn for DM yield (DMY) was greater (P < 0.05) for N compared with MG (27.73 and 19.90 T/ha for N and MG, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean main effect on dry matter yield was similar between the two soybean cultivars.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe3 - Material
- Viking 2265 [R]e1
- Outcome
- DMYe3
- Direction
- similare3
- Value
- 23.77 and 23.86 T/hae3
- Comparator
- Vining [V]e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“two organic corn hybrids (MC 5300 [N] and MasterGraze [MG]) with two soybeans (Viking 2265 [R] and Vining [V])”
e3“the main effect of soybean for DMY was similar (P > 0.05; 23.77 and 23.86 T/ha for R and V, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeding rates R1 and R2 gave higher dry matter yield than R3 and R4 in corn and soybean mixtures.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- seeding ratee4
- Outcome
- DMYe4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 25.38, 24.48, 21.81, and 23.59 T/hae4
- Comparator
- R3 and R4e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mixed cropping of corn and soybean with different seeding rates”
e4“Main effect of seeding rate on DMY was higher (P < 0.05) for R1 and R2 compared with R3 and R4 (25.38, 24.48, 21.81, and 23.59 T/ha for R1, R2, R3, and R4, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
N corn had greater digestible dry matter yield than MG corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse5
- Material
- N corne5
- Outcome
- Yields of digestible DMe5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Value
- 19.55 and 13.67 T/hae5
- Comparator
- MG corne5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Yields of digestible DM (DDM; 19.55 and 13.67 T/ha) and CP (2.40 and 2.12 T/ha) were greater (P < 0.05) for N corn compared with MG corn”
e1“two organic corn hybrids (MC 5300 [N] and MasterGraze [MG]) with two soybeans (Viking 2265 [R] and Vining [V])”
Claim · model-written summary
N corn had greater crude protein yield than MG corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse5
- Material
- N corne5
- Outcome
- CPe5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Value
- 2.40 and 2.12 T/hae5
- Comparator
- MG corne5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Yields of digestible DM (DDM; 19.55 and 13.67 T/ha) and CP (2.40 and 2.12 T/ha) were greater (P < 0.05) for N corn compared with MG corn”
e1“two organic corn hybrids (MC 5300 [N] and MasterGraze [MG]) with two soybeans (Viking 2265 [R] and Vining [V])”
Claim · model-written summary
Digestible dry matter yield was similar between the two soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe6
- Outcome
- DDMe6
- Direction
- similare6
- Value
- 16.65 and 16.57 T/hae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“similar (P > 0.05) for both soybean (DDM: 16.65 and 16.57 T/ha and CP: 2.33 and 2.19 T/ha for R and V, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude protein yield was similar between the two soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe6
- Outcome
- CPe6
- Direction
- similare6
- Value
- 2.33 and 2.19 T/hae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“similar (P > 0.05) for both soybean (DDM: 16.65 and 16.57 T/ha and CP: 2.33 and 2.19 T/ha for R and V, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeding rates R1 and R2 gave higher digestible dry matter yield than R3 and R4.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- seeding ratest0
- Outcome
- DDMe7
- Direction
- highere7
- Value
- 17.70, 17.08,15.13, and 16.54 T/hae7
- Comparator
- R3 and R4e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mixed cropping of corn and soybean with different seeding rates”
e7“and higher (P < 0.05) DDM for R1 and R2 compared with R3 and R4 (17.70, 17.08,15.13, and 16.54 T/ha for R1, R2, R3, and R4, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch yield differed between N corn and MG corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Material
- Ne2
- Outcome
- Yield of starche2
- Direction
- differente2
- Value
- 7.78 and 2.45 T/hae2
- Comparator
- MGe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Yield of starch (7.78 and 2.45 T/ha for N and MG) and 30-h NDF digestibility (NDFD30; 44.47 and 52.49% for N and MG) for main effect of corn were different (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
NDF digestibility at 30 h differed between N corn and MG corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Material
- Ne2
- Outcome
- 30-h NDF digestibilitye2
- Direction
- differente2
- Value
- 44.47 and 52.49%e2
- Comparator
- MGe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Yield of starch (7.78 and 2.45 T/ha for N and MG) and 30-h NDF digestibility (NDFD30; 44.47 and 52.49% for N and MG) for main effect of corn were different (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean starch yield was similar between the two soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Outcome
- starch yielde2
- Direction
- similare2
- Value
- 5.25 and 4.98 T/hae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“they were similar (P > 0.05) for the main effect of soybean (starch yield: 5.25 and 4.98 T/ha and NDFD30: 48.58 and 48.38% for R and V, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean NDF digestibility at 30 h was similar between the two soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Outcome
- NDFD30e2
- Direction
- similare2
- Value
- 48.58 and 48.38%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“they were similar (P > 0.05) for the main effect of soybean (starch yield: 5.25 and 4.98 T/ha and NDFD30: 48.58 and 48.38% for R and V, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
The N corn combined with either R or V soybean at R1 or R2 seeding ratios gave the greatest yield of DM, DDM and starch.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- combination of N corn with either R or V soybean at the ratio of R1 or R2e2
- Outcome
- yield of DM, DDM, and starche2
- Direction
- greateste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mixed cropping of corn and soybean with different seeding rates”
e2“The combination of N corn with either R or V soybean at the ratio of R1 or R2 resulted in the greatest yield of DM, DDM, and starch”
Claim · model-written summary
A corn and soybean forage blend has great potential for increasing forage and nutrient yields to meet dairy cow requirements.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeansGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- mixed croppinge2
- Outcome
- forage and nutrient yieldse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“A forage blend produced through mixed cropping of corn and soybeans holds a great potential for increasing the forage and nutrient yields to meet the nutrient requirements of lactating dairy cows”
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