Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) growth and yield are depressed by physical and chemical interference of weeds. Recently, wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) population has increased in wheat fields of many provinces of Iran. Since, little is known about the allelopathic effects of wild barley residues in soil, greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of soil amended residues of wild barley at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg m-3, and its root exudates on growth and yield of wheat. There were no significant differences in wheat seedling height and FW when exposed to 0.2 and 0.4 kg m-3 , whereas, the two high residue levels, i. e., 0.8 and 1.6 kg m-3 significantly reduced these parameters. Two high residue levels also significantly reduced seedling and mature plant height fresh and dry weights, and yield of wheat. Root exudates that released from wild barley seedlings into the soil, did not affect wheat seedling height, whereas, those released from tillers significantly decreased seedlings and mature plants heights, FW and DW and yield of wheat. Key words: Allelopathy; Soil amended residues; Wild barley; Hordeum spontaneum; Wheat growth; yield
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Wild barley residues at 0.2 and 0.4 kg m-3 did not significantly change wheat seedling height and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- soil amended residues of wild barleye0
- Interactor
- wild barley
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Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume0weed - Outcome
- seedling height and FWe1
- Direction
- no significant differencese1
- Qualifier
- 0.2 and 0.4 kg m-3e1
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of soil amended residues of wild barley at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg m-3, and its root exudates on growth and yield of wheat”
e1“There were no significant differences in wheat seedling height and FW when exposed to 0.2 and 0.4 kg m-3”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild barley residues at 0.8 and 1.6 kg m-3 significantly reduced wheat seedling height and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- soil amended residues of wild barleye0
- Interactor
- wild barleyHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume0weed
- Outcome
- seedling height and FWe1
- Direction
- significantly reducede2
- Qualifier
- 0.8 and 1.6 kg m-3e2
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of soil amended residues of wild barley at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg m-3, and its root exudates on growth and yield of wheat”
e1“There were no significant differences in wheat seedling height and FW when exposed to 0.2 and 0.4 kg m-3”
e2“the two high residue levels, i. e., 0.8 and 1.6 kg m-3 significantly reduced these parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Two high residue levels of wild barley significantly reduced wheat seedling and mature plant height, fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Treatment
- soil amended residues of wild barleye0
- Interactor
- wild barleyHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume0weed
- Outcome
- seedling and mature plant height fresh and dry weightse3
- Direction
- significantly reducede3
- Qualifier
- Two high residue levelse3
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of soil amended residues of wild barley at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg m-3, and its root exudates on growth and yield of wheat”
e3“Two high residue levels also significantly reduced seedling and mature plant height fresh and dry weights, and yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Two high residue levels of wild barley significantly reduced wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Treatment
- soil amended residues of wild barleye0
- Interactor
- wild barleyHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume0weed
- Outcome
- yield of wheate3
- Direction
- significantly reducede3
- Qualifier
- Two high residue levelse3
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of soil amended residues of wild barley at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg m-3, and its root exudates on growth and yield of wheat”
e3“Two high residue levels also significantly reduced seedling and mature plant height fresh and dry weights, and yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Root exudates released from wild barley seedlings did not affect wheat seedling height.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- Root exudates that released from wild barley seedlingse4
- Interactor
- wild barleyHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume4weed
- Outcome
- seedling heighte4
- Direction
- did not affecte4
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of soil amended residues of wild barley at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg m-3, and its root exudates on growth and yield of wheat”
e4“Root exudates that released from wild barley seedlings into the soil, did not affect wheat seedling height”
Claim · model-written summary
Root exudates released from wild barley tillers significantly decreased wheat seedling and mature plant height, fresh and dry weights compared with exudates from seedlings.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- those released from tillerse5
- Interactor
- wild barleyHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume0weed
- Outcome
- seedlings and mature plants heights, FW and DWe5
- Direction
- significantly decreasede5
- Comparator
- Root exudates that released from wild barley seedlingse4
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of soil amended residues of wild barley at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg m-3, and its root exudates on growth and yield of wheat”
e4“Root exudates that released from wild barley seedlings into the soil, did not affect wheat seedling height”
e5“those released from tillers significantly decreased seedlings and mature plants heights, FW and DW and yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Root exudates released from wild barley tillers significantly decreased wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- those released from tillerse5
- Interactor
- wild barleyHordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneume0weed
- Outcome
- yield of wheate5
- Direction
- significantly decreasede5
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of soil amended residues of wild barley at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg m-3, and its root exudates on growth and yield of wheat”
e5“those released from tillers significantly decreased seedlings and mature plants heights, FW and DW and yield of wheat”
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.