Abstract
Fernandez, M. R., May, W. E., Chalmers, S., Savard, M. E. and Singh, A. K. 2014. Are early foliar fungicide applications on durum wheat grown in southeast Saskatchewan beneficial in increasing grain productivity? Can. J. Plant. Sci. 94: 891–903. Producers have expressed interest in applying fungicides early in the development of durum wheat to reduce disease severity and increase grain yield. To address this issue, a field trial was conducted in southeast Saskatchewan (2004–2006) to determine the impacts of single and double foliar fungicide (tebuconazole) applications at various growth stages on leaf spotting, Fusarium head blight/Fusarium-damaged kernels, deoxynivalenol concentration, dark kernel discolouration, and grain traits of durum wheat. In most cases, application at stem elongation was not effective in reducing Fusarium diseases, or improving yield and grain characteristics. Application at flag leaf emergence was more effective, but for the most part, application at anthesis resulted in the most consistent reduction in disease levels, and improvement in test weight. Double fungicide applications (stem elongation or flag leaf emergence, and anthesis) were not more effective in disease control than a single application at anthesis. Grain yield did not differ significantly among any of the treatments. In contrast to Fusarium diseases and leaf spotting, fungicide applications at stem elongation and/or flag leaf emergence resulted in increased kernel weight and percentage dark kernel discolouration, which was significant in 2005 (10.53–10.60% total kernel discolouration in the stem and flag leaf treatments vs. 6.13% for the untreated control). In one or more years, kernel weight was negatively associated with Fusarium disease variables and leaf spotting, but positively associated with kernel discolouration. We conclude that under variable environmental conditions in Saskatchewan, early preventative fungicide use on durum wheat should not be recommended as a strategy to improve productivity, and might even result in increases in dark kernel discolouration and grain downgrading.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Stem elongation tebuconazole generally did not reduce Fusarium diseases.
- Taxon
- durum wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0 - Treatment
- application at stem elongatione0
- Outcome
- Fusarium diseasese0
- Direction
- not effective in reducinge0
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most cases, application at stem elongation was not effective in reducing Fusarium diseases, or improving yield and grain characteristics”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem elongation application generally did not improve yield and grain characteristics.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- application at stem elongatione0
- Outcome
- yield and grain characteristicse0
- Direction
- not effective in reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most cases, application at stem elongation was not effective in reducing Fusarium diseases, or improving yield and grain characteristics”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Flag leaf application was more effective than stem elongation application.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- Application at flag leaf emergencee0
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application at flag leaf emergence was more effective”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthesis application most consistently reduced disease levels.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- application at anthesise0
- Outcome
- disease levelse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application at anthesis resulted in the most consistent reduction in disease levels, and improvement in test weight”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthesis application improved test weight.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- application at anthesise0
- Outcome
- test weighte0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application at anthesis resulted in the most consistent reduction in disease levels, and improvement in test weight”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Double applications were no more effective in disease control than anthesis alone.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- Double fungicide applicationse0
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- not more effectivee0
- Comparator
- single application at anthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Double fungicide applications (stem elongation or flag leaf emergence, and anthesis) were not more effective in disease control than a single application at anthesis”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield did not differ significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- did not differe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield did not differ significantly among any of the treatments”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Early applications increased kernel weight.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide applications at stem elongation and/or flag leaf emergencee0
- Outcome
- kernel weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicide applications at stem elongation and/or flag leaf emergence resulted in increased kernel weight and percentage dark kernel discolouration”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Early applications increased dark kernel discolouration, significantly in 2005.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide applications at stem elongation and/or flag leaf emergencee0
- Outcome
- percentage dark kernel discolouratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10.53–10.60%e0
- Qualifier
- 6.13%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicide applications at stem elongation and/or flag leaf emergence resulted in increased kernel weight and percentage dark kernel discolouration, which was significant in 2005 (10.53–10.60% total kernel discolouration in the stem and flag leaf treatments vs. 6.13% for the untreated control)”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Kernel weight was negatively associated with Fusarium disease variables.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- kernel weighte0
- Direction
- negativelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kernel weight was negatively associated with Fusarium disease variables and leaf spotting”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Kernel weight was negatively associated with leaf spotting.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- kernel weighte0
- Direction
- negativelye0
- Comparator
- leaf spottinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kernel weight was negatively associated with Fusarium disease variables and leaf spotting”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Kernel weight was positively associated with kernel discolouration.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- kernel weighte0
- Direction
- positivelye0
- Comparator
- kernel discolouratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kernel weight was negatively associated with Fusarium disease variables and leaf spotting, but positively associated with kernel discolouration”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors advised against early preventive fungicide use for productivity.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Outcome
- early preventative fungicide use on durum wheat should not be recommendede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“early preventative fungicide use on durum wheat should not be recommended as a strategy to improve productivity”
The same questions in other papers
fungicide · yield · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.