Abstract
Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2) and compared for proximate nutritional value. For both cultivars (MC and PX), seed protein levels were highest at 1000 (39.3 and 41.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (34.7 and 38.9 percent for MC and PX). Seed fat (oil) levels were highest at 2000 (21.2 and 20.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 5000 (13.6 and 16.6 percent for MC and PX). Seed carbohydrate levels were highest at 500 (31.5 and 28.4 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (20.9 and 20.8 percent for MC and PX). When adjusted for total seed yield per unit growing area, the highest production of protein and carbohydrate occurred with MC at 1000, while equally high amounts of fat were produced with MC at 1000 and 2000. Seed set and pod development at 2000 were delayed in comparison to other CO2 treatments; thus the proportionately high fat and low protein at 2000 may have been a result of the delay in plant maturity rather than CO2 concentration. Stem crude fiber and carbohydrate levels for both cultivars increased with increased CO2. Leaf protein and crude fiber levels also tended to rise with increased CO2 but leaf carbohydrate levels decreased as CO2 was increased. The results suggest that CO2 effects on total seed yield out-weighed any potential advantages to changes in seed composition.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher.
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Seed protein was highest at 1000 ppm CO2 in MC.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Material
- MCe1
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- seed protein levelse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 39.3e1
- Qualifier
- at 1000e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e1“For both cultivars (MC and PX), seed protein levels were highest at 1000 (39.3 and 41.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (34.7 and 38.9 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed protein was highest at 1000 ppm CO2 in PX.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- PXe1
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- seed protein levelse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 41.9e1
- Qualifier
- at 1000e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e1“For both cultivars (MC and PX), seed protein levels were highest at 1000 (39.3 and 41.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (34.7 and 38.9 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed protein was lowest at 2000 ppm CO2 in MC.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- MCe1
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- seed protein levelse1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Value
- 34.7e1
- Qualifier
- at 2000e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e1“For both cultivars (MC and PX), seed protein levels were highest at 1000 (39.3 and 41.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (34.7 and 38.9 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed protein was lowest at 2000 ppm CO2 in PX.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- PXe1
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- seed protein levelse1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Value
- 38.9e1
- Qualifier
- at 2000e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e1“For both cultivars (MC and PX), seed protein levels were highest at 1000 (39.3 and 41.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (34.7 and 38.9 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed fat was highest at 2000 ppm CO2 in MC.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- MCe2
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed fat (oil) levelse2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 21.2e2
- Qualifier
- at 2000e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e2“Seed fat (oil) levels were highest at 2000 (21.2 and 20.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 5000 (13.6 and 16.6 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed fat was highest at 2000 ppm CO2 in PX.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- PXe2
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed fat (oil) levelse2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 20.9e2
- Qualifier
- at 2000e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e2“Seed fat (oil) levels were highest at 2000 (21.2 and 20.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 5000 (13.6 and 16.6 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed fat was lowest at 5000 ppm CO2 in MC.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- MCe2
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed fat (oil) levelse2
- Direction
- loweste2
- Value
- 13.6e2
- Qualifier
- at 5000e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e2“Seed fat (oil) levels were highest at 2000 (21.2 and 20.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 5000 (13.6 and 16.6 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed fat was lowest at 5000 ppm CO2 in PX.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- PXe2
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed fat (oil) levelse2
- Direction
- loweste2
- Value
- 16.6e2
- Qualifier
- at 5000e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e2“Seed fat (oil) levels were highest at 2000 (21.2 and 20.9 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 5000 (13.6 and 16.6 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed carbohydrate was highest at 500 ppm CO2 in MC.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- MCe3
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed carbohydrate levelse3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 31.5e3
- Qualifier
- at 500e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e3“Seed carbohydrate levels were highest at 500 (31.5 and 28.4 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (20.9 and 20.8 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed carbohydrate was highest at 500 ppm CO2 in PX.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- PXe3
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed carbohydrate levelse3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 28.4e3
- Qualifier
- at 500e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e3“Seed carbohydrate levels were highest at 500 (31.5 and 28.4 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (20.9 and 20.8 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed carbohydrate was lowest at 2000 ppm CO2 in MC.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- MCe3
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed carbohydrate levelse3
- Direction
- loweste3
- Value
- 20.9e3
- Qualifier
- at 2000e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e3“Seed carbohydrate levels were highest at 500 (31.5 and 28.4 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (20.9 and 20.8 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed carbohydrate was lowest at 2000 ppm CO2 in PX.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- PXe3
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed carbohydrate levelse3
- Direction
- loweste3
- Value
- 20.8e3
- Qualifier
- at 2000e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e3“Seed carbohydrate levels were highest at 500 (31.5 and 28.4 percent for MC and PX) and lowest at 2000 (20.9 and 20.8 percent for MC and PX)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest production of protein and carbohydrate per unit area occurred with MC at 1000 ppm CO2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- MCe4
- Outcome
- production of protein and carbohydratee4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Qualifier
- at 1000e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e4“When adjusted for total seed yield per unit growing area, the highest production of protein and carbohydrate occurred with MC at 1000, while equally high amounts of fat were produced with MC at 1000 and 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Equally high amounts of fat were produced with MC at 1000 and 2000 ppm CO2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- MCe4
- Outcome
- amounts of fate4
- Direction
- equally highe4
- Qualifier
- at 1000 and 2000e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e4“When adjusted for total seed yield per unit growing area, the highest production of protein and carbohydrate occurred with MC at 1000, while equally high amounts of fat were produced with MC at 1000 and 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed set and pod development at 2000 ppm CO2 were delayed compared with other CO2 treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- carbon dioxide (CO2)e0
- Outcome
- Seed set and pod developmente5
- Direction
- delayede5
- Qualifier
- at 2000e5
- Comparator
- other CO2 treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e5“Seed set and pod development at 2000 were delayed in comparison to other CO2 treatments; thus the proportionately high fat and low protein at 2000 may have been a result of the delay in plant maturity rather than CO2 concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportionately high fat and low protein at 2000 ppm CO2 may be a result of delayed plant maturity rather than CO2 concentration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- proportionately high fat and low protein at 2000e5
- Qualifier
- delay in plant maturitye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e5“Seed set and pod development at 2000 were delayed in comparison to other CO2 treatments; thus the proportionately high fat and low protein at 2000 may have been a result of the delay in plant maturity rather than CO2 concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem crude fiber and carbohydrate levels increased with increased CO2 in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- both cultivarse6
- Organ / stage
- Steme6
- Treatment
- increased CO2e6
- Outcome
- crude fiber and carbohydrate levelse6
- Direction
- increasede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e6“Stem crude fiber and carbohydrate levels for both cultivars increased with increased CO2”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf protein and crude fiber levels tended to rise with increased CO2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- Leafe7
- Treatment
- increased CO2e7
- Outcome
- protein and crude fiber levelse7
- Direction
- increaseinferrede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e7“Leaf protein and crude fiber levels also tended to rise with increased CO2 but leaf carbohydrate levels decreased as CO2 was increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf carbohydrate levels decreased as CO2 was increased.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- leafe7
- Treatment
- CO2 was increasede7
- Outcome
- leaf carbohydrate levelse7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e7“Leaf protein and crude fiber levels also tended to rise with increased CO2 but leaf carbohydrate levels decreased as CO2 was increased”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 effects on total seed yield appear to outweigh any advantage of changes in seed composition.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- CO2 effectse7
- Outcome
- total seed yielde7
- Qualifier
- out-weighed any potential advantages to changes in seed compositione7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants were grown for 90 days at 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 ubar (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2)”
e7“The results suggest that CO2 effects on total seed yield out-weighed any potential advantages to changes in seed composition”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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See all 96 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.