Abstract
The pomegranate butterfly, Virachola livia (Klug) (Lepidoptera: Lycanidae), is one of the most important pests in Egypt. Under pomegranate field conditions, the study was conducted from 2012 to 2013 to compare the efficacy of methoxyfenozide, pyridalyl and emamectin benzoate against pomegranate butterfly in cultivated and reclaimed lands at Assiut Governorate, Egypt. These insecticides demonstrated a significant low infestation of the pomegranate butterfly during 2012 and 2013 seasons compared to control field. Emamectin benzoate and pyridalyl were found to be highly effective for controlling V. livia with an average infestation of 0.33- 4.33% and 1.00- 6.67% compared to methoxyfenozide (0.33- 17.67%) in both cultivated and reclaimed lands, respectively. Data indicated that, the infestation was higher in the cultivated land than reclaimed land during 2012 and 2013 seasons. The change in temperature and relative humidity may affect the susceptibility of pomegranate fruits to the infestation by V. livia. In addition, results showed that all pomegranate trees under treated field had a significant increase in the average weight fruits by about 70-90% compared to control field. Methoxyfenozide, pyridalyl and emamectin benzoate can be considered as promising candidates to control the pomegranate butterfly, V. livia infestation in both cultivated and reclaimed lands.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The tested insecticides gave significantly lower pomegranate butterfly infestation than the control field.
- Taxon
- pomegranate
Punica granatume1 - Treatment
- These insecticidese2
- Interactor
- pomegranate butterflye2pest
- Outcome
- infestation of the pomegranate butterflye2
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Comparator
- control fielde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Under pomegranate field conditions”
e2“These insecticides demonstrated a significant low infestation of the pomegranate butterfly during 2012 and 2013 seasons compared to control field”
Claim · model-written summary
Emamectin benzoate gave lower average pomegranate butterfly infestation than methoxyfenozide in cultivated and reclaimed lands.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Treatment
- emamectin benzoatee3
- Interactor
- V. liviae3pest
- Outcome
- average infestatione3
- Direction
- lowerinferrede3
- Value
- 0.33- 4.33%e3
- Qualifier
- methoxyfenozide (0.33- 17.67%)e3
- Comparator
- methoxyfenozidee3
- Setting
- cultivated and reclaimed landse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Under pomegranate field conditions”
e3“Emamectin benzoate and pyridalyl were found to be highly effective for controlling V. livia with an average infestation of 0.33- 4.33% and 1.00- 6.67% compared to methoxyfenozide (0.33- 17.67%) in both cultivated and reclaimed lands, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyridalyl gave lower average pomegranate butterfly infestation than methoxyfenozide in cultivated and reclaimed lands.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Treatment
- pyridalyle3
- Interactor
- V. liviae3pest
- Outcome
- average infestatione3
- Direction
- lowerinferrede3
- Value
- 1.00- 6.67%e3
- Qualifier
- methoxyfenozide (0.33- 17.67%)e3
- Comparator
- methoxyfenozidee3
- Setting
- cultivated and reclaimed landse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Under pomegranate field conditions”
e3“Emamectin benzoate and pyridalyl were found to be highly effective for controlling V. livia with an average infestation of 0.33- 4.33% and 1.00- 6.67% compared to methoxyfenozide (0.33- 17.67%) in both cultivated and reclaimed lands, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Pomegranate butterfly infestation was higher in cultivated land than in reclaimed land in 2012 and 2013.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Outcome
- infestatione4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- reclaimed lande4
- Setting
- cultivated lande4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Under pomegranate field conditions”
e4“the infestation was higher in the cultivated land than reclaimed land during 2012 and 2013 seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in temperature and relative humidity may affect the susceptibility of pomegranate fruits to V. livia infestation.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume5
- Treatment
- change in temperature and relative humiditye5
- Interactor
- V. liviae5pest
- Outcome
- susceptibility of pomegranate fruits to the infestatione5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The change in temperature and relative humidity may affect the susceptibility of pomegranate fruits to the infestation by V. livia”
Claim · model-written summary
Pomegranate trees under the treated field had about 70-90% higher average fruit weight than under the control field.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume6
- Treatment
- treated fielde6
- Outcome
- average weight fruitse6
- Direction
- increasee6
- Value
- about 70-90%e6
- Comparator
- control fielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“all pomegranate trees under treated field had a significant increase in the average weight fruits by about 70-90% compared to control field”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider emamectin benzoate, pyridalyl and methoxyfenozide promising candidates to control the pomegranate butterfly in cultivated and reclaimed lands.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume1
- Interactor
- V. liviae7pest
- Outcome
- control the pomegranate butterfly, V. livia infestatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Under pomegranate field conditions”
e7“Methoxyfenozide, pyridalyl and emamectin benzoate can be considered as promising candidates to control the pomegranate butterfly, V. livia infestation”
The same questions in other papers
emamectin benzoate · pest · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
insecticide · pest · Punica granatum (pomegranate)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.