Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during rainy (kharif) season for 4 consecutive years 2008 to 2012 at Dholi, Bihar to assess the effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity and profitability of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] under rainfed condition. Plant height, yield indices, viz. branches/plant, pods/plant, 100-seed weight, leaf area index, fruiting efficiency (15.6%), grain (2.01 tonnes/ha.) and stalk yields, harvest in- dex, protein content, water-use-efficiency (2.9 kg grain/ha/mm), production efficiency (8.3 kg/ha/day), NPK uptake, net returns (67.55 103 /ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.9) were significantly higher at recommended dose of fertil- izer (RDF) than 50% RDF. Application of farmyard manure (FYM) 5.0 tonnes/ha besides increasing these indices significantly also enhanced nodules number and dry-weight/plant, Rhizobium and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) count, phosphorus-solubilizing efficiency and acetylene reduction activity than no FYM. Seed inoculation with Rhizobium + PSB and Rhizobium + PSB + plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were found equally effective and significantly enhanced branches/plant and pods/plant, fruiting efficiency, grain and stalk yields, har- vest index, production efficiency, NPK uptake, number and dry- weight of nodules/plant, Rhizobium and PSB count, phosphorus-solublizing and acetylene reduction activity, net return and benefit: cost ratio than uninoculated condition. Application of FYM 5.0 tonnes/ha together with 50% RDF resulted in significantly higher grain yield of pigeonpea (2.08 tonnes/ha) than RDF alone (1.90 tonnes/ha). Likewise, seed inoculation with Rhizobium + PSB (1.95 tonnes/ha) and Rhizobium + PSB + PGPR (2.02 tonnes/ha) fertilized with 50% RDF recorded similar grain yield to that of RDF alone (2.01 tonnes/ha). Application of RDF, FYM 5.0 tonnes/ha and seed inoculation with biofertilizers, increased organic carbon, available N, P and K contents and reduced the bulk density of the soil over compared with initial soil value.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Recommended fertilizer dose significantly improved pigeonpea growth, yield components and grain and stalk yields over half dose.
- Taxon
- pigeonpea
Cajanus cajant0 - Treatment
- recommended dose of fertil- izer (RDF)e0
- Outcome
- Plant height, yield indicese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 50% RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height, yield indices, viz. branches/plant, pods/plant, 100-seed weight, leaf area index, fruiting efficiency (15.6%), grain (2.01 tonnes/ha.) and stalk yields, harvest in- dex, protein content, water-use-efficiency (2.9 kg grain/ha/mm), production efficiency (8.3 kg/ha/day), NPK uptake, net returns (67.55 103 /ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.9) were significantly higher at recommended dose of fertil- izer (RDF) than 50% RDF.”
t0“pigeonpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Recommended fertilizer dose gave grain yield of 2.01 tonnes/ha.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertil- izer (RDF)e0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.01 tonnes/ha.e0
- Comparator
- 50% RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain (2.01 tonnes/ha.) and stalk yields, harvest in- dex, protein content, water-use-efficiency (2.9 kg grain/ha/mm), production efficiency (8.3 kg/ha/day), NPK uptake, net returns (67.55 103 /ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.9) were significantly higher at recommended dose of fertil- izer (RDF) than 50% RDF.”
t0“pigeonpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Recommended fertilizer dose increased protein content and NPK uptake.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- recommended dose of fertil- izer (RDF)e0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 50% RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protein content, water-use-efficiency (2.9 kg grain/ha/mm), production efficiency (8.3 kg/ha/day), NPK uptake, net returns (67.55 103 /ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.9) were significantly higher at recommended dose of fertil- izer (RDF) than 50% RDF.”
t0“pigeonpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure significantly improved the reported productivity indices and nodules.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- farmyard manure (FYM) 5.0 tonnes/hae0
- Outcome
- nodules number and dry-weight/plante0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of farmyard manure (FYM) 5.0 tonnes/ha besides increasing these indices significantly also enhanced nodules number and dry-weight/plant”
t0“pigeonpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure increased rhizobial and PSB counts and phosphorus solubilization and acetylene reduction relative to no manure.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- farmyard manure (FYM) 5.0 tonnes/hae1
- Outcome
- Rhizobium and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) counte0
- Comparator
- no FYMe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizobium and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) count, phosphorus-solubilizing efficiency and acetylene reduction activity than no FYM.”
t0“pigeonpea”
e1“Application of farmyard manure (FYM) 5.0 tonnes/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Both inoculant combinations were equally effective and significantly improved yield and other productivity indicators over no inoculation.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- Seed inoculation with Rhizobium + PSBe0
- Outcome
- branches/plant and pods/plante0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- uninoculated conditione0
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed inoculation with Rhizobium + PSB and Rhizobium + PSB + plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were found equally effective and significantly enhanced branches/plant and pods/plant, fruiting efficiency, grain and stalk yields, har- vest index, production efficiency, NPK uptake, number and dry- weight of nodules/plant, Rhizobium and PSB count, phosphorus-solublizing and acetylene reduction activity, net return and benefit: cost ratio than uninoculated condition.”
t0“pigeonpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure plus half the fertilizer dose yielded 2.08 tonnes/ha, exceeding fertilizer alone at 1.90 tonnes/ha.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- FYM 5.0 tonnes/ha together with 50% RDFe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.08 tonnes/hae0
- Qualifier
- 1.90 tonnes/hae0
- Comparator
- RDF alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of FYM 5.0 tonnes/ha together with 50% RDF resulted in significantly higher grain yield of pigeonpea (2.08 tonnes/ha) than RDF alone (1.90 tonnes/ha).”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium plus PSB with half fertilizer dose yielded 1.95 tonnes/ha, similar to RDF alone.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- Rhizobium + PSBe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Value
- 1.95 tonnes/hae0
- Comparator
- RDF alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed inoculation with Rhizobium + PSB (1.95 tonnes/ha) and Rhizobium + PSB + PGPR (2.02 tonnes/ha) fertilized with 50% RDF recorded similar grain yield to that of RDF alone (2.01 tonnes/ha).”
t0“pigeonpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium, PSB and PGPR with half fertilizer dose yielded 2.02 tonnes/ha, similar to RDF alone.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- Rhizobium + PSB + PGPRe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Value
- 2.02 tonnes/hae0
- Comparator
- RDF alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizobium + PSB + PGPR (2.02 tonnes/ha) fertilized with 50% RDF recorded similar grain yield to that of RDF alone (2.01 tonnes/ha).”
t0“pigeonpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer, manure and biofertilizer inoculation increased soil organic carbon and available nutrients and reduced soil bulk density.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- RDF, FYM 5.0 tonnes/ha and seed inoculation with biofertilizerse0
- Outcome
- organic carbon, available N, P and K contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- initial soil valuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of RDF, FYM 5.0 tonnes/ha and seed inoculation with biofertilizers, increased organic carbon, available N, P and K contents and reduced the bulk density of the soil over compared with initial soil value.”
t0“pigeonpea”
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See all 33 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.