Abstract
Water deficit is a major abiotic factor limiting plant growth and crop productivity around the world. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought and the effects of water stress on leaf physiology and metabolism have been extensively documented. However, information is lacking on the effect of water-deficit stress on the cotton flower. It was hypothesized that water-deficit stress would impair gas exchange functions which consequently would result in perturbation of carbohydrates of cotton reproductive units. To investigate this hypothesis growth room studies and field studies were conducted with the objectives being to document the physiological and biochemical changes that take place in cotton flowers and their subtending leaves when subjected to limited water supply. Additionally, the effect of the ethylene inhibitor 1-Methylcyclopropene under conditions of water stress was investigated as well as the response of leaf and ovary polyamine metabolism of two cotton cultivars differing in drought tolerance. Results indicated that water-deficit stress during flowering significantly compromised leaf gas exchange functions resulting in decreased stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, respiration and water potential. However, cotton reproductive units appeared to be less drought-sensitive compared to the leaves possibly due to higher water potential and glutathione reductase activity. Limited supply of water significantly affected carbohydrate metabolism of both leaf and pistil resulting in carbohydrate accumulation. Contrary to expectations, application of the ethylene inhibitor 1-MCP had no effect on leaf gas exchange function, however, it reversed the effect of water stress on pistil sucrose concentrations. Finally, water-deficit stress during flowering had a significant effect on polyamine metabolism of both leaf and pistil, resulting in increases in putrescine, spermidine and spermine in drought-sensitive cultivars. The differential response of polyamine metabolism between drought-sensitive and tolerant cultivars suggests that polyamines could be effective tools not only in selection of drought-tolerant cultivars, but also in drought tolerance engineering, however further research is needed in order to elucidate the exact pathways of their action.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Water-deficit stress during flowering significantly decreased leaf stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and respiration in cotton.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Organ / stage
- leafe1
- Treatment
- water-deficit stress during floweringe1
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, respiratione1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e1“Results indicated that water-deficit stress during flowering significantly compromised leaf gas exchange functions resulting in decreased stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, respiration and water potential”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-deficit stress during flowering significantly decreased leaf water potential in cotton.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- leafe1
- Treatment
- water-deficit stress during floweringe1
- Outcome
- water potentiale1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e1“Results indicated that water-deficit stress during flowering significantly compromised leaf gas exchange functions resulting in decreased stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, respiration and water potential”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton reproductive units appeared less drought-sensitive than leaves under water-deficit stress during flowering.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- cotton reproductive unitse2
- Treatment
- water-deficit stress during floweringe1
- Outcome
- drought-sensitivee2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Comparator
- leavese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e1“Results indicated that water-deficit stress during flowering significantly compromised leaf gas exchange functions resulting in decreased stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, respiration and water potential”
e2“cotton reproductive units appeared to be less drought-sensitive compared to the leaves possibly due to higher water potential and glutathione reductase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher water potential and glutathione reductase activity may explain why cotton reproductive units were less drought-sensitive than leaves.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Gene
- glutathione reductasee2
- Outcome
- drought-sensitivee2
- Qualifier
- possibly due to higher water potentiale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e2“cotton reproductive units appeared to be less drought-sensitive compared to the leaves possibly due to higher water potential and glutathione reductase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited water supply significantly increased carbohydrate accumulation in leaf and pistil of cotton.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- leaf and pistile3
- Treatment
- Limited supply of watere3
- Outcome
- carbohydrate accumulatione3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e3“Limited supply of water significantly affected carbohydrate metabolism of both leaf and pistil resulting in carbohydrate accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of the ethylene inhibitor 1-MCP had no effect on leaf gas exchange under water stress in cotton.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- leafe4
- Treatment
- application of the ethylene inhibitor 1-MCPe4
- Outcome
- leaf gas exchange functione4
- Direction
- no effecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e4“application of the ethylene inhibitor 1-MCP had no effect on leaf gas exchange function, however, it reversed the effect of water stress on pistil sucrose concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP reversed the effect of water stress on pistil sucrose concentrations in cotton.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- pistile4
- Treatment
- application of the ethylene inhibitor 1-MCPe4
- Outcome
- pistil sucrose concentrationse4
- Direction
- reversede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e4“application of the ethylene inhibitor 1-MCP had no effect on leaf gas exchange function, however, it reversed the effect of water stress on pistil sucrose concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-deficit stress during flowering increased putrescine, spermidine and spermine in drought-sensitive cotton cultivars.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- drought-sensitive cultivarse5
- Organ / stage
- leaf and pistile5
- Treatment
- water-deficit stress during floweringe5
- Outcome
- putrescine, spermidine and sperminee5
- Direction
- increasese5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e5“water-deficit stress during flowering had a significant effect on polyamine metabolism of both leaf and pistil, resulting in increases in putrescine, spermidine and spermine in drought-sensitive cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyamines could be effective tools for selecting drought-tolerant cotton cultivars.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- selection of drought-tolerant cultivarse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought”
e6“The differential response of polyamine metabolism between drought-sensitive and tolerant cultivars suggests that polyamines could be effective tools not only in selection of drought-tolerant cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
ethene · physiology: gas exchange · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
1-methylcyclopropene · physiology: gas exchange · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- no effect
drought · physiology: water · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
32 papers more in this group
See all 36 papers →stage · physiology: water · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
drought · physiology: photosynthesis · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
49 papers more in this group
See all 53 papers →stage · physiology: photosynthesis · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.