Abstract
Soils under irrigated agriculture are a significant source of nitrous oxide (N2O) owing to high inputs of nitrogen (N) fertiliser and water. This study investigated the potential for N2O mitigation by manipulating the soil moisture deficit through irrigation scheduling in combination with, and in comparison to, using the nitrification inhibitor, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP). Lysimeter cores planted with wheat were fitted with automated chambers for continuous measurements of N2O fluxes. Treatments included conventional irrigation (CONV), reduced deficit irrigation (RED), CONV-DMPP and RED-DMPP. The total seasonal volume of irrigation water applied was constant for all treatments but the timing and quantity in individual irrigation applications varied among treatments. 15N-labelled urea was used to track the source of N2O emissions and plant N uptake. The majority of N2O emissions occurred immediately after irrigations began on 1 September 2014. Applying RED and DMPP individually slightly decreased N2O emissions but when applied in combination (RED-DMPP) the greatest reductions in N2O emissions were observed. There was no effect of treatments on plant N uptake, 15N recovery or yield possibly because the system was not N limited. Half of the plant N and 53% to 87% of N2O was derived from non-fertiliser sources in soil, highlighting the opportunity to further exploit this valuable N pool.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced deficit irrigation slightly decreased N2O emissions from wheat compared with conventional irrigation.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- reduced deficit irrigation (RED)e2
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- slightlye1
- Comparator
- conventional irrigation (CONV)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lysimeter cores planted with wheat”
e1“Applying RED and DMPP individually slightly decreased N2O emissions”
e2“Treatments included conventional irrigation (CONV), reduced deficit irrigation (RED), CONV-DMPP and RED-DMPP”
Claim · model-written summary
DMPP slightly decreased N2O emissions from wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- DMPPe2
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- slightlye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lysimeter cores planted with wheat”
e1“Applying RED and DMPP individually slightly decreased N2O emissions”
e2“the nitrification inhibitor, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced deficit irrigation combined with DMPP gave the greatest reductions in N2O emissions from wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- RED-DMPPe2
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse1
- Direction
- greatest reductionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lysimeter cores planted with wheat”
e1“the greatest reductions in N2O emissions were observed”
e2“Treatments included conventional irrigation (CONV), reduced deficit irrigation (RED), CONV-DMPP and RED-DMPP”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation and DMPP treatments had no effect on plant N uptake, 15N recovery or yield of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- treatmentse3
- Outcome
- plant N uptake, 15N recovery or yielde3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lysimeter cores planted with wheat”
e3“There was no effect of treatments on plant N uptake, 15N recovery or yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Half of the plant N of wheat was derived from non-fertiliser sources in soil.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- plant Ne4
- Value
- Halfe4
- Qualifier
- derived from non-fertiliser sources in soile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lysimeter cores planted with wheat”
e4“Half of the plant N and 53% to 87% of N2O was derived from non-fertiliser sources in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Between 53% and 87% of N2O from wheat cropping was derived from non-fertiliser sources in soil.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- N2Oe4
- Value
- 53% to 87%e4
- Qualifier
- derived from non-fertiliser sources in soile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lysimeter cores planted with wheat”
e4“Half of the plant N and 53% to 87% of N2O was derived from non-fertiliser sources in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
The majority of N2O emissions from wheat occurred immediately after irrigations began.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- N2O emissionse6
- Qualifier
- immediately after irrigations begane6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lysimeter cores planted with wheat”
e6“The majority of N2O emissions occurred immediately after irrigations began”
Claim · model-written summary
The non-fertiliser soil N pool is a valuable resource to be further exploited in wheat systems.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- further exploit this valuable N poole5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lysimeter cores planted with wheat”
e5“further exploit this valuable N pool”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · environment: emissions · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →phosphorus · environment: emissions · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.