Abstract
To understand the factors affecting the incidence of blossom-end rot (BER), the effect of the Ca/K ratio (4/12–12/4, in me·L–1) in nutrient solutions and Ca concentration in fractions in the distal part of young tomato fruits immediately before BER symptoms appear were investigated for three seasons. The rate of BER incidence increased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio in the supplied solutions in the summer and spring, but little difference was observed in the winter. Ca concentration was highest in winter and lowest in summer, and the concentration in fractions decreased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio of the solutions. When the results of all three experiments were pooled, among the fractions, water-soluble Ca concentration was found to have the highest significance in the relationship to BER incidence. The risk of BER incidence in rapidly growing tomato increased to a critical level when water-soluble Ca in the distal part of the fresh fruit decreased to less than 0.20 μmol·g–1 FW. Multiple-regression analysis revealed that the concentration of water-soluble Ca, which is predominantly recovering apoplastic or cytoplasmic Ca2+, and total Ca, which has been translocated during fruit development, are significantly affected by solar radiation and Ca concentration in the supplied solution rather than air temperature.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Blossom-end rot incidence increased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio of the nutrient solution in summer and spring.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- a decrease in the Ca/K ratio in the supplied solutionse1
- Outcome
- rate of BER incidencee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Setting
- summer and springe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Water-soluble Calcium Concentration in Tomato Fruits”
e1“The rate of BER incidence increased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio in the supplied solutions in the summer and spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Blossom-end rot incidence showed little difference with Ca/K ratio in winter.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Ca/K ratioe1
- Outcome
- BER incidencee1
- Direction
- little differencee2
- Setting
- the wintere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Water-soluble Calcium Concentration in Tomato Fruits”
e1“The rate of BER incidence increased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio in the supplied solutions in the summer and spring”
e2“but little difference was observed in the winter”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit Ca concentration was highest in winter and lowest in summer.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Ca concentratione3
- Qualifier
- highest in winter and lowest in summere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Water-soluble Calcium Concentration in Tomato Fruits”
e3“Ca concentration was highest in winter and lowest in summer”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca concentration in fractions of tomato fruit decreased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio of the solutions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- a decrease in the Ca/K ratio of the solutionse4
- Outcome
- concentration in fractionse4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Water-soluble Calcium Concentration in Tomato Fruits”
e4“the concentration in fractions decreased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio of the solutions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-soluble Ca had the highest significance in its relationship to blossom-end rot incidence among the Ca fractions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Compound
- water-soluble Cae5
- Outcome
- BER incidencee5
- Direction
- highest significancee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Water-soluble Calcium Concentration in Tomato Fruits”
e5“water-soluble Ca concentration was found to have the highest significance in the relationship to BER incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
The risk of blossom-end rot incidence increased to a critical level when fruit water-soluble Ca decreased below 0.20 μmol·g–1 FW.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- distal part of the fresh fruite6
- Compound
- water-soluble Cae6
- Outcome
- risk of BER incidencee6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- 0.20 μmol·g–1 FWe6
- Qualifier
- a critical levele6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Water-soluble Calcium Concentration in Tomato Fruits”
e6“The risk of BER incidence in rapidly growing tomato increased to a critical level when water-soluble Ca in the distal part of the fresh fruit decreased to less than 0.20 μmol·g–1 FW”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-soluble Ca concentration was significantly affected by solar radiation and Ca concentration in the supplied solution rather than by air temperature.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- solar radiation and Ca concentration in the supplied solutione7
- Outcome
- concentration of water-soluble Cae7
- Direction
- affectede7
- Comparator
- air temperaturee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Water-soluble Calcium Concentration in Tomato Fruits”
e7“concentration of water-soluble Ca, which is predominantly recovering apoplastic or cytoplasmic Ca2+, and total Ca, which has been translocated during fruit development, are significantly affected by solar radiation and Ca concentration in the supplied solution rather than air temperature”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 35 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
46 papers more in this group
See all 50 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.