Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of mulching by black polyethylene film (0.04mm thick) with planting holes (5.5cm diameter) and by soybean canopy on the microclimate near the row surface.Four experimental plots were designed as follow: No. 1 plot was not planted and not mulched, No. 2 plot was planted and not mulched, No. 3 plot was not planted and mulched, and No. 4 plot was planted and mulched. Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment. The observation was performed from April to August in 1979.1) Sum of the latent and sensible heat fluxes on the row surface of the mulched plot (No. 3) at night was remarkably increased by about 3.7 times that of unmulched plot (No. 1).When the plant cover was still small (June 4), it did not much affect the soil heat flux regardless of mulched or not. But, on July 26 (LAI, No. 2: 2.56, No. 4: 3.92) the vegetation lessened the ratio of soil heat flux to the daily amount of total net radiation, and these values were 3-4% both in mulching and unmulching.2) The plant canopy and film mulching controlled the rising of maximum temperature and the falling of minimum temperature, namely they lessened the diurnal range of soil temperature. Their effects could be called the buffer action.3) Mulching effect on soil temperature can be also showed by the ratio of diurnal range of temperature (daily range in treated plot/that in the not-treated one). The effect of film mulching (daily range of No. 3/that of No. 1) was reduced with the increase of daily insolation amount. When the amount came to 486cal cm-2day-1 the mulching effect disappeared.4) When transmissivities of solar radiation (above 40%) or the thickness of growth were same, the ratio of diurnal range of soil temperature in mulched plot (No. 4/No. 3) was greater than that of unmulched plot (No. 2/No. 1). This shows the difference in effects of soybean canopy between the case of mulching and not mulching. The ratio of No. 4/No. 1, which indicates the total effect of plant canopy and film mulching, was less than that of only plant plots (No. 4/No. 3) in early season.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Night-time sum of latent and sensible heat fluxes on the mulched soybean row surface was about 3.7 times that of the unmulched plot.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- mulched plot (No. 3)e1
- Outcome
- Sum of the latent and sensible heat fluxes on the row surfacee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- about 3.7 timese1
- Qualifier
- at nighte1
- Comparator
- unmulched plot (No. 1)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment”
e1“Sum of the latent and sensible heat fluxes on the row surface of the mulched plot (No. 3) at night was remarkably increased by about 3.7 times that of unmulched plot (No. 1)”
Claim · model-written summary
When the plant cover was still small (June 4), mulching did not much affect soil heat flux.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- soil heat fluxe2
- Qualifier
- plant cover was still small (June 4)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment”
e2“When the plant cover was still small (June 4), it did not much affect the soil heat flux regardless of mulched or not”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetation lessened the ratio of soil heat flux to daily total net radiation to 3-4% both in mulched and unmulched plots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- the vegetatione3
- Outcome
- ratio of soil heat flux to the daily amount of total net radiatione3
- Direction
- lessenede3
- Value
- 3-4%e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment”
e3“the vegetation lessened the ratio of soil heat flux to the daily amount of total net radiation, and these values were 3-4% both in mulching and unmulching”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant canopy and film mulching lessened the diurnal range of soil temperature by controlling its rise and fall (buffer action).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- plant canopy and film mulchinge4
- Outcome
- diurnal range of soil temperaturee4
- Direction
- lessenede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment”
e4“The plant canopy and film mulching controlled the rising of maximum temperature and the falling of minimum temperature, namely they lessened the diurnal range of soil temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of film mulching on the diurnal temperature range of soil was reduced as daily insolation increased.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- film mulchinge5
- Outcome
- effect of film mulchinge5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Qualifier
- with the increase of daily insolation amounte5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment”
e5“The effect of film mulching (daily range of No. 3/that of No. 1) was reduced with the increase of daily insolation amount”
Claim · model-written summary
The film mulching effect on soil temperature disappeared when daily insolation reached 486 cal cm-2 day-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- mulchinge6
- Outcome
- mulching effecte6
- Value
- 486cal cm-2day-1e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment”
e6“When the amount came to 486cal cm-2day-1 the mulching effect disappeared”
Claim · model-written summary
With equal solar transmissivity or equal canopy thickness, the soil diurnal temperature range ratio was greater in mulched than in unmulched soybean plots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- mulched plot (No. 4/No. 3)e7
- Outcome
- ratio of diurnal range of soil temperaturee7
- Direction
- greatere7
- Qualifier
- transmissivities of solar radiation (above 40%)e7
- Comparator
- unmulched plot (No. 2/No. 1)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment”
e7“When transmissivities of solar radiation (above 40%) or the thickness of growth were same, the ratio of diurnal range of soil temperature in mulched plot (No. 4/No. 3) was greater than that of unmulched plot (No. 2/No. 1)”
Claim · model-written summary
The total effect of plant canopy and film mulching on the soil temperature ratio was smaller than that of plant canopy alone in early season.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- plant canopy and film mulchinge1
- Outcome
- ratio of No. 4/No. 1e1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Qualifier
- in early seasone1
- Comparator
- only plant plots (No. 4/No. 3)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Medium maturing soybean, named ‘Ohsodefuri’, was used in this experiment”
e1“The ratio of No. 4/No. 1, which indicates the total effect of plant canopy and film mulching, was less than that of only plant plots (No. 4/No. 3) in early season”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · soil: physics · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.