Abstract
The effect of salt priming (KNO3, 20degreesC, 3%, 6 d) on germination at seven and 14 days after planting and on root and shoot lengths of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai) seed lots harvested at a range of intervals from anthesis and at two levels of temperature was investigated during the years 2000 and 2001. Untreated seeds of 15, 20, 25 and 30 DAA (days after anthesis) were unable to germinate and final germination was lower than 20% in subsequent harvests until 60 DAA at 14degreesC. While at the same temperature treated seeds had germinated as early as 20 DAA and reached to 66% and 51% in 40 (2000) and 35 DAA ( 2001), respectively. Germinated seeds were unable to grow shoots at 14degreesC in either year. At 18degreesC, treatment was not effective on germination percentages at day seven in all three lots in 2000 but improved root and shoot lengths. The advantage obtained from the treatment varied among the lots with a minimum benefit of an increase of 15 mm in root and 28 mm in shoot length, respectively. Priming increased germination percentages at day seven and final and root and shoot length of all seed lots in 2001. Germination percentages in treated seeds varied between 68% and 84% in seeds harvested 20 DAA and thereafter. The less mature the seeds the higher the benefit obtained from the treatment. Maximum root and shoot lengths were recorded in seeds of 35 DAA as 37 and 40 mm in the control and as 60 and 61 mm in treated, respectively. We concluded that salt priming can be useful for improving germination, seedling growth and uniformity of heterogeneously matured watermelon lots at low temperatures to produce well developed seedlings in early spring sowings.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated seeds harvested 15–30 days after anthesis failed to germinate at 14degreesC.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatust0 - Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- unable to germinatee0
- Qualifier
- 15, 20, 25 and 30 DAA (days after anthesis)e0
- Setting
- 14degreesCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Untreated seeds of 15, 20, 25 and 30 DAA (days after anthesis) were unable to germinate and final germination was lower than 20% in subsequent harvests until 60 DAA at 14degreesC.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Final germination of later untreated harvests remained below 20% until 60 DAA at 14degreesC.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- final germinatione0
- Direction
- lower thane0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- until 60 DAA at 14degreesCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“final germination was lower than 20% in subsequent harvests until 60 DAA at 14degreesC.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed seeds germinated as early as 20 DAA at 14degreesC.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- treatede0
- Outcome
- germinatede0
- Qualifier
- as early as 20 DAAe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treated seeds had germinated as early as 20 DAA”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed seeds reached 66% germination at 40 DAA in 2000.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- reachede0
- Value
- 66%e0
- Qualifier
- 40 (2000)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reached to 66% and 51% in 40 (2000) and 35 DAA ( 2001), respectively.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed seeds reached 51% germination at 35 DAA in 2001.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- reachede0
- Value
- 51%e0
- Qualifier
- 35 DAA ( 2001)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reached to 66% and 51% in 40 (2000) and 35 DAA ( 2001), respectively.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Germinated seeds did not grow shoots at 14degreesC in either year.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- unable to grow shootse0
- Setting
- 14degreesCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germinated seeds were unable to grow shoots at 14degreesC in either year.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
At 18degreesC in 2000, priming did not change seven-day germination percentages.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- germination percentages at day sevene0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
- Setting
- 18degreesCe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 18degreesC, treatment was not effective on germination percentages at day seven in all three lots in 2000”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
At 18degreesC in 2000, priming improved root and shoot lengths.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- salt priminge1
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but improved root and shoot lengths.”
e1“salt priming can be useful for improving germination, seedling growth and uniformity of heterogeneously matured watermelon lots at low temperatures”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
The minimum root length benefit of priming was 15 mm.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- salt priminge1
- Outcome
- roote0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 15 mme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a minimum benefit of an increase of 15 mm in root and 28 mm in shoot length, respectively.”
e1“salt priming can be useful for improving germination, seedling growth and uniformity of heterogeneously matured watermelon lots at low temperatures”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
The minimum shoot length benefit of priming was 28 mm.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- salt priminge1
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 28 mme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a minimum benefit of an increase of 15 mm in root and 28 mm in shoot length, respectively.”
e1“salt priming can be useful for improving germination, seedling growth and uniformity of heterogeneously matured watermelon lots at low temperatures”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased seven-day and final germination across all 2001 seed lots.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Priminge0
- Outcome
- germination percentages at day seven and finale0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming increased germination percentages at day seven and final and root and shoot length of all seed lots in 2001.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased root and shoot lengths across all 2001 seed lots.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- Priminge0
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming increased germination percentages at day seven and final and root and shoot length of all seed lots in 2001.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated seeds harvested at 20 DAA or later germinated at 68%–84%.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- Germination percentagese0
- Value
- 68% and 84%e0
- Qualifier
- 20 DAA and thereaftere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination percentages in treated seeds varied between 68% and 84% in seeds harvested 20 DAA and thereafter.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Less mature seeds benefited more from priming.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Organ / stage
- less mature the seedse0
- Outcome
- benefit obtained from the treatmente0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The less mature the seeds the higher the benefit obtained from the treatment.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum control root length at 35 DAA was 37 mm.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- roote0
- Value
- 37 and 40 mme0
- Qualifier
- seeds of 35 DAAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum root and shoot lengths were recorded in seeds of 35 DAA as 37 and 40 mm in the control and as 60 and 61 mm in treated, respectively.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum control shoot length at 35 DAA was 40 mm.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthse0
- Value
- 40 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum root and shoot lengths were recorded in seeds of 35 DAA as 37 and 40 mm in the control and as 60 and 61 mm in treated, respectively.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum treated root length at 35 DAA was 60 mm.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- roote0
- Value
- 60 and 61 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum root and shoot lengths were recorded in seeds of 35 DAA as 37 and 40 mm in the control and as 60 and 61 mm in treated, respectively.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum treated shoot length at 35 DAA was 61 mm.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthse0
- Value
- 60 and 61 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum root and shoot lengths were recorded in seeds of 35 DAA as 37 and 40 mm in the control and as 60 and 61 mm in treated, respectively.”
t0“watermelon”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude salt priming can improve germination, seedling growth and uniformity in heterogeneously mature watermelon lots at low temperatures.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Outcome
- salt priming can be useful for improving germination, seedling growth and uniformitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt priming can be useful for improving germination, seedling growth and uniformity of heterogeneously matured watermelon lots at low temperatures”
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See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.