Abstract
Greenhouse studies were conducted using bentgrass ( Agrostis tenuis Sibth. ‘Highland′) as a bioassay species to measure herbicidal activity of 3.4 kg/ha of the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate [ N -(phosphonomethyl)glycine] when applied directly to the soil surface prior to bentgrass emergence. Activity of glyphosate also was examined by applying glyphosate to a moist soil surface and placing alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L. ‘Vernal′) and red clover ( Trifolium pratense L. ‘Kenstar′) seeds on the sprayed surface 3, 6, 9, and 24 h later. In two high-organic soils, glyphosate reduced bentgrass growth in each of four experiments, even when applied up to 5 days before bentgrass emergence. Significant glyphosate activity was measured in one of the experiments in another organic soil and in three of the experiments in a Chehalis sandy loam soil. Germination and growth of alfalfa and red clover were reduced when seeds were distributed on a sprayed soil surface up to 24 h after glyphosate application. These results show that glyphosate, at least under certain conditions, can cause significant crop injury when used prior to planting or emergence of some species.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-applied glyphosate reduced bentgrass growth in each of four experiments in two high-organic soils, even when applied up to 5 days before emergence.
- Taxon
- bentgrasse0
- Treatment
- 3.4 kg/ha of the isopropylamine salt of glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- bentgrass growthe2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Qualifier
- even when applied up to 5 days before bentgrass emergencee2
- Setting
- two high-organic soilse2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Greenhouse studies were conducted using bentgrass”
e1“3.4 kg/ha of the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate”
e2“In two high-organic soils, glyphosate reduced bentgrass growth in each of four experiments, even when applied up to 5 days before bentgrass emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate activity on bentgrass was significant in one experiment in another organic soil and in three experiments in a Chehalis sandy loam soil.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Greenhouse studies were conducted using bentgrass”
e3“Significant glyphosate activity was measured in one of the experiments in another organic soil and in three of the experiments in a Chehalis sandy loam soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination and growth of alfalfa were reduced when seeds were sown on a glyphosate-sprayed soil surface up to 24 h after application.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- glyphosate applicatione0
- Outcome
- Germination and growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- on a sprayed soil surfacee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination and growth of alfalfa and red clover were reduced when seeds were distributed on a sprayed soil surface up to 24 h after glyphosate application”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination and growth of red clover were reduced when seeds were sown on a glyphosate-sprayed soil surface up to 24 h after application.
- Taxon
- red clover
Trifolium pratensee0 - Treatment
- glyphosate applicatione0
- Outcome
- Germination and growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- on a sprayed soil surfacee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination and growth of alfalfa and red clover were reduced when seeds were distributed on a sprayed soil surface up to 24 h after glyphosate application”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →glyphosate · growth · Trifolium pratense (red clover)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.