Abstract
The effects of ethephon spraying on the growth development, flower bud stage and leaf color were studied in a summer-to-autumn-flowering chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura) under open field conditions. The growth of all cultivars was slow until the last ethephon spraying stage, but that from the involucre formation stage to the floret formation stage was fast and growth before flowering was slow again. Leaf segments grew after rosette formation at high positions under a schedule of three 200 mg/l ethephon sprayings with 1000 mg/l for strong inhibition of flower bud differentiation. The plant height overtook that achieved with three 200 mg/l ethephon sprayings in ‘Seiun’ and ‘Summer-yellow’ cultivars. First growth using ethephon sprays with pinching was slower that without pinching. Leaf color of flowers treated with ethephon sprays and pinching was more inhibited than that without pinching in all cultivars. Our results showed that, ethephon spraying inhibited early flower bud differentiation, growth of stems and change of leaf color to dark green, however, the stem length was longer than controls because the growth of stems is fast in summer-to-autumn-flowering chrysanthemum.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Growth was slow until the last ethephon spray, fast between involucre and floret formation, then slow before flowering.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemum
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Chrysanthemume1 - Organ / stage
- involucre formation stage to the floret formation stagee0
- Outcome
- growth of all cultivarse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpeg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The growth of all cultivars was slow until the last ethephon spraying stage, but that from the involucre formation stage to the floret formation stage was fast and growth before flowering was slow again”
e1“chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf segments grew after rosette formation at high positions under the strong bud inhibition spray schedule.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Treatment
- three 200 mg/l ethephon sprayings with 1000 mg/le0
- Outcome
- Leaf segments grew after rosette formation at high positionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf segments grew after rosette formation at high positions under a schedule of three 200 mg/l ethephon sprayings with 1000 mg/l for strong inhibition of flower bud differentiation”
e1“chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height exceeded the three 200 mg/l ethephon spray regime in Seiun and Summer-yellow cultivars.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemume2
- Material
- ‘Seiun’ and ‘Summer-yellow’e0
- Treatment
- three 200 mg/l ethephon sprayings with 1000 mg/le1
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- overtooke0
- Comparator
- three 200 mg/l ethephon sprayingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height overtook that achieved with three 200 mg/l ethephon sprayings in ‘Seiun’ and ‘Summer-yellow’ cultivars”
e1“three 200 mg/l ethephon sprayings with 1000 mg/l”
e2“chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Initial growth with ethephon and pinching was slower than without pinching.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Treatment
- ethephon sprays with pinchinge0
- Outcome
- First growthe0
- Direction
- slowere0
- Comparator
- without pinchinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“First growth using ethephon sprays with pinching was slower that without pinching”
e1“chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon and pinching inhibited leaf color more than treatment without pinching in all cultivars.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Treatment
- ethephon sprays and pinchinge0
- Outcome
- Leaf color of flowerse0
- Direction
- more inhibitede0
- Comparator
- without pinchinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf color of flowers treated with ethephon sprays and pinching was more inhibited than that without pinching in all cultivars”
e1“chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon spraying inhibited early flower bud differentiation.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Treatment
- ethephon sprayinge0
- Outcome
- early flower bud differentiatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethephon spraying inhibited early flower bud differentiation, growth of stems and change of leaf color to dark green”
e1“chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon spraying inhibited stem growth and dark-green leaf color change.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemume1
- Treatment
- ethephon sprayinge0
- Outcome
- growth of stems and change of leaf color to dark greene0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethephon spraying inhibited early flower bud differentiation, growth of stems and change of leaf color to dark green”
e1“chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem length was longer under ethephon spraying than controls.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
- Treatment
- ethephon sprayinge1
- Outcome
- stem lengthe0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the stem length was longer than controls because the growth of stems is fast in summer-to-autumn-flowering chrysanthemum”
e1“ethephon spraying inhibited early flower bud differentiation”
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