Abstract
Using anther culture to generate doubled-haploid (DH) homozygous lines for use as parents in F 1 hybrid crosses has become a common practice in breeding broccoli ( Brassica oleracea L. Italica Group). During anther culture and subsequent embryogenesis and plant regeneration, polyploidization of microspore-derived embryos may not occur or it may occur accompanied by a doubling, tripling, quadrupling, octupling, or irregular polyploidization of the genome. Thus regenerants from the process can be haploids, diploids, triploids, tetraploids, octaploids, or aneuploids. The objectives of this research were to 1) conduct repeat cycles of broccoli anther culture using a group of F 1 hybrids as anther donors and develop populations of regenerants; 2) analyze resulting populations using DNA flow cytometry and determine the influence of F 1 source on frequency of different ploidy levels among regenerants; and 3) compare seed set in broccoli inbreds developed in a traditional selfing program compared to seed set in DH broccoli derived from anther culture. In two cycles (1994 and 1995) of anther culture, anther-derived populations of regenerants were developed using the F 1 hybrids `Marathon', `Everest', `High Sierra', and `Futura' as sources of anthers. In 1994, `Everest', `High Sierra', and `Futura' yielded populations that included 2% to 7% haploids, 53% to 56% diploids, 32% to 38% tetraploids, and 5% to 6% other types. `Marathon'-derived regenerants were 5% haploid, 78% diploid, 15% tetraploid, and 2% other, showing significantly more diploids. In 1995, `Marathon' regenerants again included significantly more diploids and fewer tetraploids than those derived from other F 1 sources, confirming that the genotype of the anther source affects the frequency of a particular ploidy level among regenerants derived from culture. In manual self-pollinations of 1994 regenerants, only diploids and rare tetraploids set seed. When plants that set no seed were discounted, seed production following manual self pollinations of 1995 regenerants was not significantly different from that of traditional inbreds derived from the same F 1 sources.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Everest, High Sierra and Futura regenerants had 2% to 7% haploids.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Material
- `Everest', `High Sierra', and `Futura'e0
- Outcome
- haploidse0
- Value
- 2% to 7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“`Everest', `High Sierra', and `Futura' yielded populations that included 2% to 7% haploids, 53% to 56% diploids, 32% to 38% tetraploids, and 5% to 6% other types.”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Everest, High Sierra and Futura regenerants had 53% to 56% diploids.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- diploidse0
- Value
- 53% to 56%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“53% to 56% diploids”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Everest, High Sierra and Futura regenerants had 32% to 38% tetraploids.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- tetraploidse0
- Value
- 32% to 38%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“32% to 38% tetraploids”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Everest, High Sierra and Futura regenerants had 5% to 6% other ploidy types.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- other typese0
- Value
- 5% to 6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“5% to 6% other types”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Marathon regenerants were 5% haploid.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Material
- `Marathon'e0
- Outcome
- haploide0
- Value
- 5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“`Marathon'-derived regenerants were 5% haploid”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Marathon regenerants were 78% diploid.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- diploide0
- Value
- 78%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“78% diploid”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Marathon regenerants were 15% tetraploid.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- tetraploide0
- Value
- 15%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“15% tetraploid”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Marathon regenerants were 2% other ploidy types.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- othere0
- Value
- 2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2% other”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Marathon produced significantly more diploids than the other sources in 1994.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Material
- `Marathon'e1
- Outcome
- diploidse0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“showing significantly more diploids”
t0“broccoli”
e1“`Marathon'-derived regenerants were 5% haploid”
Claim · model-written summary
Marathon again yielded significantly more diploids and fewer tetraploids than other sources in 1995.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Material
- `Marathon'e0
- Outcome
- diploids and fewer tetraploidse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- other F 1 sourcese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“`Marathon' regenerants again included significantly more diploids and fewer tetraploids than those derived from other F 1 sources”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Only diploids and rare tetraploids set seed in 1994 manual self-pollinations.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Material
- diploids and rare tetraploidse0
- Outcome
- set seede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only diploids and rare tetraploids set seed”
t0“broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed production of 1995 regenerants did not differ significantly from traditional inbreds after excluding sterile plants.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- manual self pollinations of 1995 regenerantse0
- Outcome
- seed productione0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Comparator
- traditional inbredse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed production following manual self pollinations of 1995 regenerants was not significantly different from that of traditional inbreds derived from the same F 1 sources.”
t0“broccoli”
The same questions in other papers
pollination · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results
8 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.