Abstract
An experiment as to the spacing problem in sugar-cane has been studied under the conditions in temperate region. The results obtained on this experiment with Tekcha, Saccharum sinense, are summarized as follows; 1. During about 50 days after planting, the plant is in a preparatory period for settlement and development of the mother stalk until it becomes warm enough to enable the plant to tiller vigorously and to grow rapidly. The growing period continues for about 4 months until it becomes too cool to allow the plant to keep on vigorous growth, and then the plant transfers to the maturing stage which ranges over about 2 months from early Oct. to the harwesting period in Dec. In this period the plant mostly accumulates sugar in its stalk until the green leaf is seriously damaged by the prevailing low temperature, sometimes below the freezing point. 2. The growth curve of stalk length resembles to monomolecular autocatalytic reaction, and the length of stalk at given periods will be calculated from the following formula; [numerical formula] y is the stalk length in cm, and x is the number of days from June 2. to marked differences in the growth of stalk length are recognized among various plots of experiment. 3. The number of tillers increases up to the early Aug., and then is gradually decreases towards the maturing period, showing different rates of survived stalks according to the density of planting hills. 4. The area of a leaf and of total green leaves attains its maximum at late Aug., and then it decreases in the same way as in the numfer of green leaves per stalk. A larger extension of the area of total green leaves per stalk in the growing period, especially in later period, turns out a high content of sugar in harvested stalks. It is also pointed out that late Aug. seems to be very important period from physiological point of view, owing to the greatest number of green leaves and the largest area of totel green leaves per stalk are shown at this period. 5. The number of available stalks per unit area and the rate of perished stalks correlate possitively with the density of planting hills, while the reverse is the case between the density of planting hills and the number of available stalks and ratoons, each per hill. 6. Little comparable differences occur in the weight of a stalk among various plots of experiment, affirming that similar relationship should be secured with the weight of a stalk as was secured with the growth of stalk length. 7. The cane weight per hill is adversely proportionate to the density of planting hills. It means that the more the number of planting hills per unit area increase, the lower the efficiency for absorption of nutrients applied is. 8. A significant positive correlation between the cane yield per unit area and the density of planting hills is found. However, in is reasonably revealed that the cane yield per unit area reaches its maximum at the rate of 3, 600 hills per unit area, and is declines when more cuttings than that are planted to the same area. 9. The brix of pressed juice, on the other hand, lessens as the number of planting hills per unit area increases. Some suggestion as to a remedy for low brix in harvested stalks are referred to standpoints of introducing new improved varieties and applying calcium to the growing plant as a liguid manure in Aug. 10. The apparent sugar yield per unit area reaches its maximum at the rate of 3, 300 hills per unit area, and even so, it is revealed that a striking decrease in sugar yield will arise, if more hills than that are planted to the sane area. 11. Judging from the economical point of view, a profitable sugar yield per unit area may be produced at the spacing of 100 cm × 33 cm, or at the rate of about 3, 000 hills per unit area, in case of the monoculture of sugar-cane in this district. Remark: unit area in this eperiment is 0.25 acre. [the rest omitted]
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Tekcha sugar-cane spent about 50 days after planting preparing for mother-stalk development.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinense
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Saccharum sinensee1 - Material
- Tekchae1
- Organ / stage
- mother stalke0
- Outcome
- preparatory period for settlement and development of the mother stalke0
- Value
- about 50 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“During about 50 days after planting, the plant is in a preparatory period for settlement and development of the mother stalk”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
The growing period lasted about four months before cool conditions led to maturation.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Material
- Tekchae1
- Organ / stage
- maturing stagee0
- Outcome
- growing periode0
- Value
- about 4 monthse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growing period continues for about 4 months until it becomes too cool to allow the plant to keep on vigorous growth, and then the plant transfers to the maturing stage”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
The maturing period lasted about two months from early October to harvest in December.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Outcome
- maturing stagee0
- Value
- about 2 monthse0
- Qualifier
- from early Oct. to the harwesting period in Dec.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maturing stage which ranges over about 2 months from early Oct. to the harwesting period in Dec.”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar accumulated mostly in the stalk during maturation until low temperature damaged green leaves.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Organ / stage
- stalke0
- Outcome
- accumulates sugare0
- Qualifier
- until the green leaf is seriously damaged by the prevailing low temperaturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this period the plant mostly accumulates sugar in its stalk until the green leaf is seriously damaged by the prevailing low temperature”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk length followed a curve resembling a monomolecular autocatalytic reaction.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Outcome
- growth curve of stalk lengthe0
- Qualifier
- monomolecular autocatalytic reactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth curve of stalk length resembles to monomolecular autocatalytic reaction”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk-length growth differed markedly among experimental plots.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Outcome
- growth of stalk lengthe0
- Direction
- marked differencese0
- Setting
- various plots of experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“marked differences in the growth of stalk length are recognized among various plots of experiment”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Tiller number rose until early August and then fell toward maturation.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Outcome
- number of tillerse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- then is gradually decreases towards the maturing periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of tillers increases up to the early Aug., and then is gradually decreases towards the maturing period”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Surviving stalk rates differed with planting-hill density.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- density of planting hillse0
- Outcome
- rates of survived stalkse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“showing different rates of survived stalks according to the density of planting hills”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area and total green-leaf area peaked in late August and then declined.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Outcome
- area of a leaf and of total green leavese0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- and then it decreasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The area of a leaf and of total green leaves attains its maximum at late Aug., and then it decreases”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater late-season total green-leaf area per stalk was associated with higher harvested-stalk sugar content.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Organ / stage
- stalke0
- Outcome
- content of sugar in harvested stalkse0
- Direction
- highe0
- Qualifier
- especially in later periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A larger extension of the area of total green leaves per stalk in the growing period, especially in later period, turns out a high content of sugar in harvested stalks.”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Available stalks per unit area rose with planting-hill density.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- density of planting hillse0
- Outcome
- number of available stalks per unit areae0
- Direction
- correlate possitivelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of available stalks per unit area and the rate of perished stalks correlate possitively with the density of planting hills”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
The rate of perished stalks rose with planting-hill density.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- density of planting hillse0
- Outcome
- rate of perished stalkse0
- Direction
- correlate possitivelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of available stalks per unit area and the rate of perished stalks correlate possitively with the density of planting hills”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Available stalks per hill fell as planting-hill density increased.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- density of planting hillse0
- Outcome
- number of available stalkse0
- Direction
- reversee0
- Qualifier
- each per hille0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the reverse is the case between the density of planting hills and the number of available stalks and ratoons, each per hill”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Ratoons per hill fell as planting-hill density increased.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- density of planting hillse0
- Outcome
- ratoonse0
- Direction
- reversee0
- Qualifier
- each per hille0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the reverse is the case between the density of planting hills and the number of available stalks and ratoons, each per hill”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk weight varied little between experimental plots.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Outcome
- weight of a stalke0
- Direction
- Little comparable differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Little comparable differences occur in the weight of a stalk among various plots of experiment”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Cane weight per hill decreased as planting-hill density increased.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- density of planting hillse0
- Outcome
- cane weight per hille0
- Direction
- adversely proportionatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cane weight per hill is adversely proportionate to the density of planting hills.”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Cane yield per unit area was significantly positively correlated with planting-hill density.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- density of planting hillse0
- Outcome
- cane yield per unit areae0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant positive correlation between the cane yield per unit area and the density of planting hills is found.”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Cane yield per unit area peaked at 3, 600 hills per unit area and declined above that density.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- 3, 600 hills per unit areae0
- Outcome
- cane yield per unit areae0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 3, 600 hills per unit areae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cane yield per unit area reaches its maximum at the rate of 3, 600 hills per unit area, and is declines when more cuttings than that are planted to the same area”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Juice brix declined as planting-hill density increased.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- number of planting hills per unit areae0
- Outcome
- brix of pressed juicee0
- Direction
- lessense0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The brix of pressed juice, on the other hand, lessens as the number of planting hills per unit area increases.”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”
Claim · model-written summary
Apparent sugar yield per unit area peaked at 3, 300 hills per unit area and decreased markedly above it.
- Taxon
- Saccharum sinenseSaccharum sinensee1
- Treatment
- 3, 300 hills per unit areae0
- Outcome
- apparent sugar yield per unit areae0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 3, 300 hills per unit areae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The apparent sugar yield per unit area reaches its maximum at the rate of 3, 300 hills per unit area, and even so, it is revealed that a striking decrease in sugar yield will arise, if more hills than that are planted to the sane area.”
e1“Tekcha, Saccharum sinense”