Abstract
Soil water deficit impacts cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.), but the mechanisms underlying have not been well understood. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation before and during cold acclimation on osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance in creeping bentgrass. The grass was subjected to three-soil moisture levels: well-watered [100% container capacity (CC)], deficit irrigation induced-mild drought stress (60% CC), and severe drought stress (30% CC) for 35 days including 14 days at 24/20 °C (day/night) and then 21 days under cold acclimation treatment (2 °C) in growth chambers. Leaf proline and total soluble sugar (TSS) levels were higher in the grass under mild drought stress relative to that under severe drought stress. Superoxide (O 2 −· ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were higher in the grass under severe drought relative to that under well-watered and mild drought stress at day 35. Mild drought stress increased catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activity, induced new isoforms and increased band intensities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and POD during cold acclimation (days 14 to 35). No differences in osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance were found between mild drought and well-watered treatments. The results of this study suggest deficit irrigation-induced mild drought stress in late fall and winter could induce accumulation of osmoprotectants and improve antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance, but severe drought stress could reduce freezing tolerance of creeping bentgrass in the region with limited precipitation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Mild drought produced higher leaf proline and total soluble sugar levels than severe drought.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)
Agrostis stoloniferat0 - Organ / stage
- Leafe0
- Treatment
- mild drought stresse0
- Outcome
- Leaf proline and total soluble sugar (TSS) levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- severe drought stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf proline and total soluble sugar (TSS) levels were higher in the grass under mild drought stress relative to that under severe drought stress.”
t0“creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe drought had higher superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde content at day 35 than well-watered and mild drought treatments.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)Agrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- severe droughte0
- Outcome
- Superoxide (O 2 −· ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- at day 35e0
- Comparator
- well-watered and mild drought stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Superoxide (O 2 −· ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were higher in the grass under severe drought relative to that under well-watered and mild drought stress at day 35.”
t0“creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mild drought increased catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity during cold acclimation.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)Agrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- Mild drought stresse0
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- during cold acclimation (days 14 to 35)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mild drought stress increased catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activity, induced new isoforms and increased band intensities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and POD during cold acclimation (days 14 to 35).”
t0“creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mild drought induced new antioxidant enzyme isoforms and increased their band intensities during cold acclimation.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)Agrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- Mild drought stresse0
- Outcome
- new isoforms and increased band intensities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and PODe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mild drought stress increased catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activity, induced new isoforms and increased band intensities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and POD during cold acclimation (days 14 to 35).”
t0“creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mild drought and well-watered treatments did not differ in osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, or freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)Agrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- mild droughte0
- Outcome
- osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- No differencese0
- Comparator
- well-watered treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences in osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance were found between mild drought and well-watered treatments.”
t0“creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest mild deficit irrigation in late fall and winter could improve osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)Agrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- deficit irrigation-induced mild drought stresse0
- Outcome
- accumulation of osmoprotectants and improve antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- in late fall and wintere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“deficit irrigation-induced mild drought stress in late fall and winter could induce accumulation of osmoprotectants and improve antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance”
t0“creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest severe drought could reduce freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)Agrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- severe drought stresse0
- Outcome
- freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- reducee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“severe drought stress could reduce freezing tolerance of creeping bentgrass in the region with limited precipitation”
t0“creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.)”
The same questions in other papers
drought · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bent grass)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
drought · physiology: oxidative · Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bent grass)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.