Abstract
In order to research the most suitable tillage practices with crop residues to reach high and stable yield in summer maize,with eight different tillage treatments during wheat-maize whole season,the effect of tillage practices on grain filling and ear characteristics and grain yield in summer maize were studied. Compared with CK( Rotary tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning),all other treatments increased the grain yield,but only in W3M2( Sub soiling tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning) the increase reached significantly by 23. 9%. Based on the Logistic equation fitting,the grain filling duration in W3M2 was the longest,with 2. 18 days longer than CK,and the average filling rate,maximum filling rate,kernel number of per ear and 100-grain weight were also increased by 0. 05,0. 1 mg /( per kernel·d),42 grains and 1. 83 g,respectively. The grain filling rate was continually decreased during the late grain filling stage in rotary tillage in only wheat season( CK,W1M2) and rotary tillage in both wheat and maize season( W1M1),especially in CK,the decrease was fast. However,the grain filling rate of other treatments was rapidly decreased slowly after 40 days of grain filling. Therefore,the treatment W3M2( Sub soiling tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning) could significantly improve both ear characteristics and grain filling,and have a great potential for increasing the yield of maize.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
All other tillage treatments increased summer maize grain yield versus CK.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK( Rotary tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning),all other treatments increased the grain yield,but only in W3M2( Sub soiling tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning) the increase reached significantly by 23. 9%”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
W3M2 significantly increased maize grain yield by 23. 9% versus CK.
- Treatment
- W3M2( Sub soiling tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning)e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 23. 9%e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK( Rotary tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning),all other treatments increased the grain yield,but only in W3M2( Sub soiling tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning) the increase reached significantly by 23. 9%”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
W3M2 increased maize grain filling duration by 2. 18 days versus CK.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain filling duration in W3M2 was the longest,with 2. 18 days longer than CK,and the average filling rate,maximum filling rate,kernel number of per ear and 100-grain weight were also increased by 0. 05,0. 1 mg /( per kernel·d),42 grains and 1. 83 g,respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
W3M2 increased maize average filling rate by 0. 05 versus CK.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain filling duration in W3M2 was the longest,with 2. 18 days longer than CK,and the average filling rate,maximum filling rate,kernel number of per ear and 100-grain weight were also increased by 0. 05,0. 1 mg /( per kernel·d),42 grains and 1. 83 g,respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
W3M2 increased maize maximum filling rate by 0. 1 mg /( per kernel·d) versus CK.
- Treatment
- W3M2e0
- Outcome
- maximum filling ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0. 1 mg /( per kernel·d)e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain filling duration in W3M2 was the longest,with 2. 18 days longer than CK,and the average filling rate,maximum filling rate,kernel number of per ear and 100-grain weight were also increased by 0. 05,0. 1 mg /( per kernel·d),42 grains and 1. 83 g,respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
W3M2 increased maize kernel number of per ear by 42 grains versus CK.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain filling duration in W3M2 was the longest,with 2. 18 days longer than CK,and the average filling rate,maximum filling rate,kernel number of per ear and 100-grain weight were also increased by 0. 05,0. 1 mg /( per kernel·d),42 grains and 1. 83 g,respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
W3M2 increased maize 100-grain weight by 1. 83 g versus CK.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain filling duration in W3M2 was the longest,with 2. 18 days longer than CK,and the average filling rate,maximum filling rate,kernel number of per ear and 100-grain weight were also increased by 0. 05,0. 1 mg /( per kernel·d),42 grains and 1. 83 g,respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain filling rate declined continuously late in filling under rotary tillage, especially rapidly under CK.
- Treatment
- rotary tillage in only wheat season( CK,W1M2) and rotary tillage in both wheat and maize season( W1M1)e0
- Outcome
- grain filling ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- late grain filling stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain filling rate was continually decreased during the late grain filling stage in rotary tillage in only wheat season( CK,W1M2) and rotary tillage in both wheat and maize season( W1M1),especially in CK,the decrease was fast”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Other treatments had a slowly declining grain filling rate after 40 days.
- Treatment
- other treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain filling ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- after 40 days of grain fillinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain filling rate of other treatments was rapidly decreased slowly after 40 days of grain filling”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded W3M2 could improve ear traits and grain filling with yield potential.
- Treatment
- W3M2( Sub soiling tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning)e0
- Outcome
- improve both ear characteristics and grain fillinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment W3M2( Sub soiling tillage at wheat season + direct seeding maize + no straw returning) could significantly improve both ear characteristics and grain filling,and have a great potential for increasing the yield of maize”
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