Abstract
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of various nitrogen managements partly substituted organic fertilizer nitrogen in traditional and recommended nitrogen rate on grain yield,nitrogen uptake and economic benefits of spring maize.Results showed that all the treatments with nitrogen applied significantly increased grain yield by 11.2%~16.8%,10.9%~24.2% in 2008 and 2009,respectively.Under the same nitrogen rate,yield of the patterns with 30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer N were equal(in 2008)and significantly higher than full chemical nitrogen applications.No differences between maize yield of the same pattern in both traditional and recommended nitrogen rate except that 30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer N in recommended rate was lower than traditional rate in 2009.Both nitrogen uptake and N use efficiency of patterns with 30% of substitution by organic fertilizer N were low compared with full chemical nitrogen applications,but the economic benefits was high.Organic fertilizer N substitution for 30% of chemical N could consider as one of the effective nitrogen managements on spring maize in Northeast China.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application significantly raised grain yield by 11.2% to 16.8% in 2008.
- Treatment
- treatments with nitrogen appliede0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11.2%~16.8%e0
- Qualifier
- 2008e0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all the treatments with nitrogen applied significantly increased grain yield by 11.2%~16.8%,10.9%~24.2% in 2008 and 2009,respectively.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application significantly raised grain yield by 10.9% to 24.2% in 2009.
- Treatment
- treatments with nitrogen appliede0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10.9%~24.2%e0
- Qualifier
- 2009e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all the treatments with nitrogen applied significantly increased grain yield by 11.2%~16.8%,10.9%~24.2% in 2008 and 2009,respectively.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At the same nitrogen rate, 30% organic nitrogen substitution yielded equally to full chemical nitrogen in 2008.
- Treatment
- 30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer Ne0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- equale0
- Qualifier
- in 2008e0
- Comparator
- full chemical nitrogen applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same nitrogen rate,yield of the patterns with 30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer N were equal(in 2008)and significantly higher than full chemical nitrogen applications.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At the same nitrogen rate, 30% organic nitrogen substitution yielded significantly more than full chemical nitrogen in 2009.
- Treatment
- 30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer Ne0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- full chemical nitrogen applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the same nitrogen rate,yield of the patterns with 30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer N were equal(in 2008)and significantly higher than full chemical nitrogen applications.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Recommended and traditional nitrogen rates usually gave similar maize yields within each pattern.
- Treatment
- recommended nitrogen ratee0
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- No differencese0
- Comparator
- traditionale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences between maize yield of the same pattern in both traditional and recommended nitrogen rate except that 30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer N in recommended rate was lower than traditional rate in 2009.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2009, 30% organic substitution at the recommended nitrogen rate yielded less than at the traditional rate.
- Treatment
- 30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer N in recommended ratee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- 2009e0
- Comparator
- traditional ratee0
Not reportedOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“30% of N substitution by organic fertilizer N in recommended rate was lower than traditional rate in 2009.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic nitrogen substitution at 30% lowered nitrogen uptake versus full chemical nitrogen.
- Treatment
- 30% of substitution by organic fertilizer Ne0
- Outcome
- nitrogen uptakee0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- full chemical nitrogen applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both nitrogen uptake and N use efficiency of patterns with 30% of substitution by organic fertilizer N were low compared with full chemical nitrogen applications,but the economic benefits was high.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic nitrogen substitution at 30% lowered nitrogen use efficiency versus full chemical nitrogen.
- Treatment
- 30% of substitution by organic fertilizer Ne0
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- full chemical nitrogen applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both nitrogen uptake and N use efficiency of patterns with 30% of substitution by organic fertilizer N were low compared with full chemical nitrogen applications,but the economic benefits was high.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic nitrogen substitution at 30% yielded high economic benefits.
- Treatment
- 30% of substitution by organic fertilizer Ne0
- Outcome
- economic benefitse0
- Direction
- highe0
- Comparator
- full chemical nitrogen applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both nitrogen uptake and N use efficiency of patterns with 30% of substitution by organic fertilizer N were low compared with full chemical nitrogen applications,but the economic benefits was high.”
t0“spring maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 30% organic fertilizer nitrogen substitution as an effective nitrogen management option for spring maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Organic fertilizer N substitution for 30% of chemical N could consider as one of the effective nitrogen managements on spring maize in Northeast China.”
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