Abstract
Enhanced ultraviolet radiation induced by human activities widely influenced plant adaptation,which accompanied with drought stress severely reduced crop yields.In the current study,two alfalfa(Medicago sativa) cultivars with different drought resistances,Aohan(high resistance) and Sanditi(low resistance),were used to analyze the responses of leaf cuticular wax content and crystal structure,leaf water potential(LWP),and ultraviolet absorbing compounds under soil water deficit and enhanced ultraviolet radiation(UVR) stresses.The results showed that the leaf wax content in Aohan was significantly higher than that in Sanditi.Compared to well-watered plants,leaf wax content and LWP in Aohan with combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficit increased,while LWP in Sanditi changed insignificantly.This indicates that high-drought resistant cultivar might maintain higher level of LWP to control water loss by increasing wax deposition on leaf surface.Under the conditions of 0.05 W/m2 UVR dose or combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficit,the platelet wax crystalloid on leaf surface of both alfalfa cultivars melted,which increased covering areas and UVR reflection rate,and thus would reduce cuticular water loss.Under 0.1 W/m2 UVR dose,some crystal platelets paralleling leaf surface while vertically distributing above other crystalloid,appeared on leaf surface of Aohan,which efficiently reduced the effect of UVR on plant physiology,while the wax crystalloids of Sanditi further melted.The structure of wax crystalloids had no significant response to solely water deficit treatment.The contents of ultraviolet absorbing compounds had no significant response to enhanced UVR,indicating that the wax crystalloid structure on alfalfa leaf surface had direct defense mechanism to UVR,which partly might delay or replace the defense mechanisms from secondary metabolic compound such as ultraviolet absorbing compounds.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Aohan had significantly greater leaf wax content than Sanditi.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Material
- Aohane0
- Outcome
- leaf wax contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Sanditie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the leaf wax content in Aohan was significantly higher than that in Sanditi.”
t0“alfalfa(Medicago sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined UVR and water deficit increased Aohan leaf wax content relative to well-watered plants.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Aohane0
- Treatment
- combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficite0
- Outcome
- leaf wax contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- well-watered plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to well-watered plants,leaf wax content and LWP in Aohan with combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficit increased,while LWP in Sanditi changed insignificantly.”
t0“alfalfa(Medicago sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined UVR and water deficit increased Aohan LWP.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Aohane0
- Treatment
- combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficite0
- Outcome
- LWPe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- well-watered plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to well-watered plants,leaf wax content and LWP in Aohan with combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficit increased,while LWP in Sanditi changed insignificantly.”
t0“alfalfa(Medicago sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sanditi LWP changed insignificantly under combined stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Sanditie0
- Treatment
- combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficite0
- Outcome
- LWPe0
- Direction
- changed insignificantlye0
- Comparator
- well-watered plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to well-watered plants,leaf wax content and LWP in Aohan with combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficit increased,while LWP in Sanditi changed insignificantly.”
t0“alfalfa(Medicago sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0.05 W/m2 UVR or combined stress, leaf wax platelets melted in both cultivars, expanding cover and reflection.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Organ / stage
- leaf surfacee0
- Treatment
- 0.05 W/m2 UVR dose or combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficite0
- Outcome
- platelet wax crystalloid on leaf surfacee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the conditions of 0.05 W/m2 UVR dose or combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficit,the platelet wax crystalloid on leaf surface of both alfalfa cultivars melted,which increased covering areas and UVR reflection rate,and thus would reduce cuticular water loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wax melting under the stress increased covering areas and UVR reflection rate.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- 0.05 W/m2 UVR dose or combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficite0
- Outcome
- covering areas and UVR reflection ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the conditions of 0.05 W/m2 UVR dose or combined treatments of UVR and soil water deficit,the platelet wax crystalloid on leaf surface of both alfalfa cultivars melted,which increased covering areas and UVR reflection rate,and thus would reduce cuticular water loss.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0.1 W/m2 UVR, Aohan developed additional surface platelets.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Aohane0
- Treatment
- 0.1 W/m2 UVR dosee0
- Outcome
- crystal platelets paralleling leaf surface while vertically distributing above other crystalloide0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under 0.1 W/m2 UVR dose,some crystal platelets paralleling leaf surface while vertically distributing above other crystalloid,appeared on leaf surface of Aohan,which efficiently reduced the effect of UVR on plant physiology,while the wax crystalloids of Sanditi further melted.”
t0“alfalfa(Medicago sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0.1 W/m2 UVR, Sanditi wax crystalloids further melted.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Sanditie0
- Treatment
- 0.1 W/m2 UVR dosee0
- Outcome
- wax crystalloidse0
- Direction
- further meltede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under 0.1 W/m2 UVR dose,some crystal platelets paralleling leaf surface while vertically distributing above other crystalloid,appeared on leaf surface of Aohan,which efficiently reduced the effect of UVR on plant physiology,while the wax crystalloids of Sanditi further melted.”
t0“alfalfa(Medicago sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit alone produced no significant wax crystalloid structural response.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- solely water deficit treatmente0
- Outcome
- structure of wax crystalloidse0
- Direction
- no significant responsee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The structure of wax crystalloids had no significant response to solely water deficit treatment.”
t0“alfalfa(Medicago sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced UVR produced no significant change in ultraviolet absorbing compounds.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- enhanced UVRe0
- Outcome
- contents of ultraviolet absorbing compoundse0
- Direction
- no significant responsee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of ultraviolet absorbing compounds had no significant response to enhanced UVR”
t0“alfalfa(Medicago sativa)”
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