Abstract
To evaluate effects of different water,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers and their interactions on grain quality of winter wheat in semiarid region,the experiment was carried out in rain-sheltered condition in Luoyang,west part of Henan Province during crop season of 2009～2010.Grain protein content and contents of amino acid components were tested.The results indicated that irri-gation,application of nitrogen had significant effects on grain protein and amino acids contents(P≤0.01) of winter wheat.The in-teraction of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization also presented significant effects(P≤0.05 or ≤0.01).No significant effect of P fer-tilization on protein and amino acids contents was observed.Protein and amino acids contents in wheat grains increased with in-creasing nitrogen fertilization rate,but dropped with increasing of irrigation amount.However,as irrigation amount was above 282.0 mm,and nitrogen fertilization rate was above 179.2 kg·hm 2,the changes became less obvious.Protein content decreased as the ni-trogen fertilization rate above 179.2 kg·hm 2.The trend of ETT/ATT(percent of essential amino acids to total amino acids) was con-trary to that of amino acids contents.The contents of protein and amino acids in wheat grains reached the highest in treatment of N105P42W127 with nitrogen fertilization rate of 105 kg(N)·hm 2,phosphorus fertilization rate of 42 kg(P2O5)·hm 2 and irrigation amount during growing season of 127 mm.While ETT/ATT reached the highest in treatment of N30.8P126W282 with nitrogen fertiliza-tion rate of 30.8 kg(N)·hm 2,phosphorus fertilization rate of 126 kg(P2O5)·hm 2 and irrigation amount during growing season of 282 mm.The grain yield increased with the increasing of irrigation,and water use efficiency was higher with high yield.Overall,N179.2P126W282 with nitrogen fertilization rate of 179.2 kg(N)·hm 2,phosphorus fertilization rate of 126 kg(P2O5)·hm 2 and irrigation amount during growing season of 282 mm was the best treatment.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation had significant effects on grain protein and amino acid contents of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- irri-gatione1
- Outcome
- grain protein and amino acids contentse1
- Qualifier
- P≤0.01e1
- Setting
- rain-sheltered condition in Luoyange0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“rain-sheltered condition in Luoyang”
e1“irri-gation,application of nitrogen had significant effects on grain protein and amino acids contents(P≤0.01) of winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application had significant effects on grain protein and amino acid contents of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of nitrogene1
- Outcome
- grain protein and amino acids contentse1
- Qualifier
- P≤0.01e1
- Setting
- rain-sheltered condition in Luoyange0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“rain-sheltered condition in Luoyang”
e1“irri-gation,application of nitrogen had significant effects on grain protein and amino acids contents(P≤0.01) of winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization had significant effects on grain protein and amino acid contents of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation and nitrogen fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- grain protein and amino acids contentse0
- Qualifier
- P≤0.05 or ≤0.01e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“irri-gation,application of nitrogen had significant effects on grain protein and amino acids contents(P≤0.01) of winter wheat”
e1“The in-teraction of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization also presented significant effects(P≤0.05 or ≤0.01)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus fertilization had no significant effect on grain protein and amino acid contents of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P fer-tilizatione0
- Outcome
- protein and amino acids contentse0
- Direction
- No significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“No significant effect of P fer-tilization on protein and amino acids contents was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain protein and amino acid contents of winter wheat increased with increasing nitrogen fertilization rate.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilization ratee0
- Outcome
- Protein and amino acids contents in wheat grainse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- the changes became less obviouse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Protein and amino acids contents in wheat grains increased with in-creasing nitrogen fertilization rate,but dropped with increasing of irrigation amount”
e1“as irrigation amount was above 282.0 mm,and nitrogen fertilization rate was above 179.2 kg·hm 2,the changes became less obvious”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain protein and amino acid contents of winter wheat dropped with increasing irrigation amount.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation amounte0
- Outcome
- Protein and amino acids contents in wheat grainse0
- Direction
- droppede0
- Qualifier
- the changes became less obviouse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Protein and amino acids contents in wheat grains increased with in-creasing nitrogen fertilization rate,but dropped with increasing of irrigation amount”
e1“as irrigation amount was above 282.0 mm,and nitrogen fertilization rate was above 179.2 kg·hm 2,the changes became less obvious”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein content of winter wheat decreased when nitrogen fertilization rate was above 179.2 kg·hm 2.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fertilization rate above 179.2 kg·hm 2e0
- Outcome
- Protein contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“Protein content decreased as the ni-trogen fertilization rate above 179.2 kg·hm 2”
Claim · model-written summary
The trend of ETT/ATT in winter wheat grain was contrary to that of amino acid contents.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- ETT/ATTe0
- Direction
- con-trarye0
- Comparator
- amino acids contentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“The trend of ETT/ATT(percent of essential amino acids to total amino acids) was con-trary to that of amino acids contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain protein and amino acid contents of winter wheat reached the highest under treatment N105P42W127.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N105P42W127 with nitrogen fertilization rate of 105 kg(N)·hm 2e0
- Outcome
- contents of protein and amino acidse0
- Direction
- reached the higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“The contents of protein and amino acids in wheat grains reached the highest in treatment of N105P42W127 with nitrogen fertilization rate of 105 kg(N)·hm 2,phosphorus fertilization rate of 42 kg(P2O5)·hm 2 and irrigation amount during growing season of 127 mm”
Claim · model-written summary
ETT/ATT of winter wheat reached the highest under treatment N30.8P126W282.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N30.8P126W282 with nitrogen fertiliza-tion rate of 30.8 kg(N)·hm 2e0
- Outcome
- ETT/ATTe0
- Direction
- reached the higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“While ETT/ATT reached the highest in treatment of N30.8P126W282 with nitrogen fertiliza-tion rate of 30.8 kg(N)·hm 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield of winter wheat increased with increasing irrigation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing of irrigatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“The grain yield increased with the increasing of irrigation,and water use efficiency was higher with high yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency of winter wheat was higher with high yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- high yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“The grain yield increased with the increasing of irrigation,and water use efficiency was higher with high yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination N179.2P126W282 was the best treatment for winter wheat, according to the authors.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N179.2P126W282 with nitrogen fertilization rate of 179.2 kg(N)·hm 2e0
- Outcome
- best treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e0“N179.2P126W282 with nitrogen fertilization rate of 179.2 kg(N)·hm 2,phosphorus fertilization rate of 126 kg(P2O5)·hm 2 and irrigation amount during growing season of 282 mm was the best treatment”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
797 papers in the same direction as this paper · 184 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
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