Abstract
To explore the effects of fertilizer-N application for early cropping rice on rice yield,nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrogen content in late cropping rice.Long-term experiment with different N treatments in double rice cropping system was conducted on the farm of Hunan agricultural university by using random block design with 4 replications from 2002 to 2005.There were four N treatments: N fertilizer applied in early season but not in late season(ENL0),N fertilizer applied in both early and late seasons(ENLN),no N fertilizer applied in either early or late seasons(E0L0),and N fertilizer applied in late season but not in early season(E0LN).The results showed that when N fertilizer was applied for both early and late rice,the average yield,dry matter production and N uptake of late rice reached 6.45 t/ha,12.13 t/ha and 183.6 kg/ha,respectively,which were 28.0%,35.1% and 103.5% higher than those of ENL0,respectively.The average grain yield,dry matter production and N uptake of the E0LN treatment reached 6.61 t/ha,12.14 t/ha and 165.6 kg/ha,respectively,which were 33.4%,37.6% and 95.6% higher than those of E0L0 treatment,respectively.The agronomic efficiency,physiological efficiency and partial factor productivity of fertilizer N of E0LN increased by 18.1%,37.8% and 2.7%,respectively,but the recovery efficiency decreased by 6.8%,compared with those of ENLN.The alkali-hydrolyzed soil N content in plots without N fertilizer in either early or late season rice was significantly lower than that in plots with N fertilizer in either season,but did not decrease continuously over years.No significant difference of the soil N content was observed among treatments receiving N application in one or both seasons.The results indicated that the grain yield of double late rice was significantly affected by N fertilizer applied in late season but not by that in early season.The agronomic efficiency,physiological efficiency of N fertilizer in late cropping rice was higher without N fertilizer in early season than those with N fertilizer in early season.To some extend,reduce N fertilizer rate would not significantly reduce soil indigenous N content.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Late rice yield under N in both seasons was 6.45 t/ha, 28.0% above ENL0.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that when N fertilizer was applied for both early and late rice,the average yield,dry matter production and N uptake of late rice reached 6.45 t/ha,12.13 t/ha and 183.6 kg/ha,respectively,which were 28.0%,35.1% and 103.5% higher than those of ENL0,respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Late rice dry matter production under N in both seasons was 12.13 t/ha, 35.1% above ENL0.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that when N fertilizer was applied for both early and late rice,the average yield,dry matter production and N uptake of late rice reached 6.45 t/ha,12.13 t/ha and 183.6 kg/ha,respectively,which were 28.0%,35.1% and 103.5% higher than those of ENL0,respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Late rice N uptake under N in both seasons was 183.6 kg/ha, 103.5% above ENL0.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that when N fertilizer was applied for both early and late rice,the average yield,dry matter production and N uptake of late rice reached 6.45 t/ha,12.13 t/ha and 183.6 kg/ha,respectively,which were 28.0%,35.1% and 103.5% higher than those of ENL0,respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
E0LN grain yield was 33.4% higher than E0L0.
Verbatim
e0“The average grain yield,dry matter production and N uptake of the E0LN treatment reached 6.61 t/ha,12.14 t/ha and 165.6 kg/ha,respectively,which were 33.4%,37.6% and 95.6% higher than those of E0L0 treatment,respectively.”
t0“double late rice”
Claim · model-written summary
E0LN dry matter production was 37.6% higher than E0L0.
Verbatim
e0“The average grain yield,dry matter production and N uptake of the E0LN treatment reached 6.61 t/ha,12.14 t/ha and 165.6 kg/ha,respectively,which were 33.4%,37.6% and 95.6% higher than those of E0L0 treatment,respectively.”
t0“double late rice”
Claim · model-written summary
E0LN N uptake was 95.6% higher than E0L0.
Verbatim
e0“The average grain yield,dry matter production and N uptake of the E0LN treatment reached 6.61 t/ha,12.14 t/ha and 165.6 kg/ha,respectively,which were 33.4%,37.6% and 95.6% higher than those of E0L0 treatment,respectively.”
t0“double late rice”
Claim · model-written summary
agronomic efficiency of fertilizer N in E0LN increased by 18.1% versus ENLN.
Verbatim
e0“The agronomic efficiency,physiological efficiency and partial factor productivity of fertilizer N of E0LN increased by 18.1%,37.8% and 2.7%,respectively,but the recovery efficiency decreased by 6.8%,compared with those of ENLN.”
t0“double late rice”
Claim · model-written summary
physiological efficiency of fertilizer N in E0LN increased by 37.8% versus ENLN.
Verbatim
e0“The agronomic efficiency,physiological efficiency and partial factor productivity of fertilizer N of E0LN increased by 18.1%,37.8% and 2.7%,respectively,but the recovery efficiency decreased by 6.8%,compared with those of ENLN.”
t0“double late rice”
Claim · model-written summary
partial factor productivity of fertilizer N in E0LN increased by 2.7% versus ENLN.
Verbatim
e0“The agronomic efficiency,physiological efficiency and partial factor productivity of fertilizer N of E0LN increased by 18.1%,37.8% and 2.7%,respectively,but the recovery efficiency decreased by 6.8%,compared with those of ENLN.”
t0“double late rice”
Claim · model-written summary
recovery efficiency of fertilizer N in E0LN decreased by 6.8% versus ENLN.
Verbatim
e0“The agronomic efficiency,physiological efficiency and partial factor productivity of fertilizer N of E0LN increased by 18.1%,37.8% and 2.7%,respectively,but the recovery efficiency decreased by 6.8%,compared with those of ENLN.”
t0“double late rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N without N fertilizer in either rice season was significantly lower than in fertilized plots.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- without N fertilizer in either early or late season ricee0
- Outcome
- alkali-hydrolyzed soil N contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- plots with N fertilizer in either seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The alkali-hydrolyzed soil N content in plots without N fertilizer in either early or late season rice was significantly lower than that in plots with N fertilizer in either season,but did not decrease continuously over years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N without N fertilizer in either rice season did not decline continuously over years.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- alkali-hydrolyzed soil N contente0
- Direction
- did not decrease continuouslye0
- Qualifier
- over yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The alkali-hydrolyzed soil N content in plots without N fertilizer in either early or late season rice was significantly lower than that in plots with N fertilizer in either season,but did not decrease continuously over years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N did not differ significantly among treatments receiving N in one or both seasons.
Verbatim
e0“No significant difference of the soil N content was observed among treatments receiving N application in one or both seasons.”
t0“double late rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Late-season N fertilizer significantly affected double late rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- double late ricee0
- Treatment
- N fertilizer applied in late seasone0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Comparator
- that in early seasone0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that the grain yield of double late rice was significantly affected by N fertilizer applied in late season but not by that in early season.”
Claim · model-written summary
Early-season N fertilizer did not significantly affect double late rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- double late ricee0
- Treatment
- that in early seasone0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Comparator
- N fertilizer applied in late seasone0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that the grain yield of double late rice was significantly affected by N fertilizer applied in late season but not by that in early season.”
Claim · model-written summary
N agronomic and physiological efficiency in late rice was higher without early-season N.
Verbatim
e0“The agronomic efficiency,physiological efficiency of N fertilizer in late cropping rice was higher without N fertilizer in early season than those with N fertilizer in early season.”
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